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STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE IN PREGNANCY
Abstract
Aim of study: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in pregnant women. Methods: The research sample was consisted of 133 respondents based on the following inclusion criteria: age 15 to 45 years, pregnant women from week 36 of pregnancy up to labour, a signed informed consent, willingness to complete a questionnaire. Mean age of the respondents was 31.59 years. As a research tool was used the Slovak validated version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ SF). Results: In our study we can confirm that 56. 98 \% respondents suffer from degree I of stress urinary incontinence, 30.23 \% respondents suffer from degree II of stress urinary incontinence and only 12.79 \% respondents suffer from degree III of stress urinary incontinence. The group of women, who had problems with loss of urine, had most commonly small amount of leakage once a week or less often. The most common leakage causes were coughing/sneezing and physical activity/exercising Conclusions: We can conclude that the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence in our study is relatively large. In our results we can confirm the presence of SUI in 65.65\% respondents. Loss of urine is for women, not only in pregnancy, a very touchy subject, and it needs to be tackled in an extremely sensitive way. SUI in pregnancy predominantly occurs in the third trimester when the uterus is largest. Mostly it is a leakage of several drops of urine which might not be noticed by women. Each following pregnancy and labour weaken musculature of pelvic floor, which causes that restoration becomes more difficult, but not impossible. An important role of midwives is education and enlightenment to raise awareness on SUI prevention as well as on the possibilities of its treatment and lifestyle adjustment. One of the aspects of prevention and treatment of SUI degree I are Kegel exercises which can be, after previous education by a midwife, systematically performed by a woman already during pregnancy and after labour.
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