Browse

The aim of our research was to study the socio-psychological characteristics of personality with a strong need to control oneself and others. The subject of the study was the intensity of the need to control oneself and others, and its connection to the other social needs, self-attitude parameters of the person, focus and level of the subjective control of the person. Hypotheses of the research: We suggested that intensity of the need to control oneself and others can be interconnected with a number of socio-psych...

Ethnic affiliation, people respectively nation is a factor that affects the formation of attitudes and consequently the formation of ethnic bias. Besides many human needs, some authors point out that there is a connection with the group identify with the group. The need to meet the group, social psychologists say, is imperative; it deeply affects human social activity. Belonging to ethnic groups play a significant role in shaping the attitudes of the individuals. The person will choose those attitudes that serve t...

Background: Working environment is one of the most important sources of occupational stress that may cause a whole range of emotional, cognitive, behavioural and physiological reactions of the worker. Coping is a process of moderating the negative effects of occupational stress on mental health and also serves to prevent distress, burnout and psychological maladjustment. Its effectiveness depends on the mechanisms that are used and these coping strategies could be adaptive or maladaptive. Methods: The aim of our r...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between teachers' basic needs satisfaction, self-efficacy and burnout. Questionnaires measuring satisfaction of the need for autonomy, competence and relatedness, teacher self-efficacy, emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment and depersonalization were completed by 220 Transylvanian Hungarian and Hungarian (Hungary) high school teachers. Results show significant correlations between perceived need satisfaction and all three aspects of teacher burnout....

Language is a central area of neuropsychological assessment. The child's capacity to phonologicallyanalyze the words represents one of its important components. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the influences of Taekwondo practice on the phonological processing capacity of children in the middle childhood period. The research wasconducted on a total of 15 children aged between 6 and 11 years. To assess their language development level, it was used the NEPSY battery: A Developmental Neuropsychological Asse...

Children exhibiting ADHD symptoms have been shown to be at high risk of academic failure, grade repetition and poor academic achievement. Few research studies have addressed the problem of assessing the incidence of ADHD symptoms in Transylvanian children. In this study, besides the prevalence of ADHD symptoms: inattention and hyperactivity, emotional and behavioral problems were assessed among elementary school students without formal diagnosis of ADHD. Teachers completed the Teacher Report Form (TRF) for 68 chil...

This article investigates relations between person's propensity to experience different affective states and dimensions of temperament in terms of Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST). RST proposes several functional brain systems that organize reactions to different classes of reinforcing stimuli, facilitating approach and avoidance behaviors, and generating affective states involved in these facilitation processes. Thus, individual differences in sensitivity of behavioral approach and inhibition systems are pr...

Included as a vital component of an in depth research project, concerning homelessness and life trajectories of homeless people, this study is devoted to the identification of communalities and singularities between daily life and survival strategies of homeless men and women. To accomplish this major goal, the researcher participated in outreach interventions (6 teams, nextgreater400) and performed 96 in depth interviews with (formerly) homeless people and professionals [38 homeless, 11 formerly homeless, and 47 ...

Fishing is one of the oldest occupations and together with hunting it has had a significant economic and social importance during history. Nowadays fishing can be associated with biodiversity conservation, recreation and also with environmental and cultural psychology of the local population. Chondrostoma nasus (nase), a widespread reophilic fish species from the family Cyprinidae is considered at the criteria Least Concerned (LC) by the IUCN Red List being locally threatened in many areas of Europe by loss of sui...

A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the empirical support for the effect of well controlled experimental studies which addressed the improvement of objectively measured performance in academic and organizational- training setting in adult population- trough goal-setting intervention. In our digital age these relatively low-budget interventions may help individuals in achieving better performance in formal and informal learning and performance outcome and this qualitative analysis might help in t...

Introduction: The survey was focused on the influence of canis therapy against anxiety and depression in older adults in two retirement homes in the Czech Republic. Methodology: Mixed design approach was chosen for the research. Two questionnaires were used for data collection: BDI-II and Beck anxiety inventory. Interviews investigate the opinion with subjective benefit of canis therapy. The survey was conducted in 2014. Survey group consisted of 80 elderly. This group underwent canis therapy. The control group co...

The article acquaints with the means of dramatherapeutic intervention in two addictions departments – the Centre for secondary prevention and addiction treatment at the Military Hospital in Olomouc and the toxicorehabilitation department at the Psychiatric Hospital in Kromeriz. The first department runs a detoxification and short-term (one month) intervention programme while in Mandala, a medium-term (as long as half a year) dramatherapeutic programme is being implemented. The second part of the text presents th...

Coping with demanding situations in managerial practice is closely related to the overall effectiveness of managerial work. Social intelligence is considered to be a significant predictor of coping with demanding situations in the work of managers. Prediction of behavior of managers in demanding situations is one of the possibilities of selection of the correct persons for managerial positions and of adequate adjustment of the preparation of managers. The report presents the results of an analysis of links between...

The methodological approach to abilities composition and measurement of adequate interpretation of nonverbal behavior is based, from one side, on those features of human nonverbal behavior, nonverbal expression of personality that are identified in numerous studies, from the other side, it takes into account the characteristics of psychological interpretation of expression, deliberate encoding of expression, and, from the third side, it is based on fundamental assumptions concerning the nature of social abilities,...

Young drivers have the highest rates of car crash involvement despite extensive measures taken to prevent it. During the last decade, research has focused on analyzing peer influence and peer pressure in order to gain a better understanding of young drivers' high rates of car crash involvement. This paper analyzes how risk is perceived in traffic situations and how risky driving behaviors are identified by using the perspective of both peers and passengers. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the perceived role of pa...

Several studies have shown that risky driving behaviors are often associated with the involvement in road crash fatalities. Therefore, a deeper understanding of influential factors is required to inform targeted countermeasure implementation. While considerable research has examined the role of personality and situational factors associated with risky behavior in traffic, less is known about the mechanism underlying the relation between personal driving style and risky driving behavior. The present study attempts ...

This study aimed to investigate levels of life satisfaction depending on socio-demographic and mental health factors among Romanian young adults. Method: N= 1509 (891 woman, 618 man) young adults were included in our study. Satisfaction with life, health and mental health were assessed with an online questionnaire including: self-rated health, self-esteem, optimism, subjective happiness, self-efficacy, depression anxiety and health risk behaviors. Findings: Overall Romanian young adults reported being satisfied wi...

The article presents the results of the study of personal and behavioral features of the orphan children who survived ill treatment and violence in the parental family and specifies the main spheres of the personality, psychological influence on which will promote the formation of positive presentation model of behavior. 65 adolescents without parental care, 11-17 years of age (N = 65), acted as subjects. This work was supported by the grant of the President (Russia) MK-99.2014.6.

One of the basic human psychological necessities is the need to have a connection with absolute superior being which is God. In this article we explored how the Romanian students relate to transcendent (religious representations), how important is prayer in their spiritual lives and how parents' spirituality is reflected in their lives. In Orthodox Christian tradition spirituality is the essence of religious life. The purpose of this descriptive study was (a) to investigate how students use prayer as a way to cope...

Objective: Longitudinal analyses examined the extent to which positive resources accumulated in adolescents lead to greater life satisfaction in young adulthood. Method: Data were drawn from a 2 wave (3 year) longitudinal study of the health and development of around N=1459 Romanian nationally representative sample of adolescent and young adults. In the first wave a set of psychological resources were assessed by an online questionnaire. Life satisfaction was assessed with SWLS scale as an outcome in the second wa...

Part of a larger research project, subordinated to the comprehension of the experience of homelessness in contemporaneity, this paper focuses on the analysis of the roles that vocational training and transitions to and from the labor market, assume in the context of experiencing this form of severe deprivation. Although quite unknown to professionals, agents with governance responsibilities (local, regional and national), as well as citizens, homelessness comprises, for many of the adults inhabiting the Portuguese...

The present study sought to replicate on a sample of 194 Romanian first-year students, the results obtained in the mid-1970s and late 1980s by David Hamilton and Robert Gifford, regarding the role of cognitive factors in stereotyping, namely the people's propensity to build negative impressions of minorities based on false associations (the illusory correlation effect). The method implied presenting the participants with a number of statements about each member of two imaginary groups (Group A - the majority group...

This paper focuses on the specific features of the communication of children in the Internet communication platforms (especially social networks), in situations where the child communicates with an unknown Internet aggressor. The paper describes the forms of communication in the various stages of an attack - from the initiation phase (in which the attacker makes contact with the child and seeks to gain his/her confidence), through manipulation stage (in which the attacker affects the opinions and attitudes of the ...

Subordinated to the key question "what is (are) the main problem(s) and/or concern(s) of homeless people?" this study aimed at the generation of a theoretical model, explanatory of the different processes that embody diverse trajectories, since its emergence to successful exit. Entitled surviving the streets, the generated GT emerged from the analysis of information gathered through complementary observation approaches (e.g., unstructured observation, observation of street interventions), and 96 interviews [homele...

College is considered to be an important phase in the life of people. The obtained academic outcomes may impact the future of individuals in many areas. In our correlational study we analyze the role of intrinsic motivation (interest/enjoyment), self - regulation skills and contextual characteristics (stressful events, having a job, etc.) on the academic achievement of 150 minority undergraduate students from Transylvania. We have explored the above characteristics considering objective academic outcomes, starting...

Associative thinking is a key aspect for designers in the phases of their creative work. This type of thinking is based among others on analogical and metaphorical reasoning and reasoning by visual posters. Visual analogy and visual thinking play an important role in the field of design. They are often assisted and guided by visual stimuli. Our main goal was to conduct a global quantitative meta- analysis regarding the relation between analogical reasoning and creativity. The scientific literature was explored and...

Many scientific articles concluded that analogical reasoning can influence creativity in different ways. Some of them claimed that this way of thinking can induce fixation which in turn has a negative influence on the generation of creative ideas. Furthermore, other studies considered analogical reasoning as a key factor of creative thinking. Based on these results we have focused on the relationship between analogical reasoning and creativity. Our main purpose was to investigate figural analogical thinking and cr...

The article presents the study of interrelation between the level of development of communicative competence (through some of its components) and sociometric status in psychology-students. Also the model of communicative competence as predictor of student's sociometric status in an educational group is described. Four characteristics have been included in the model: general index of communicative tolerance, such component of tolerance as inability to forgive, or rancor, the total index of communicative competence ...

Background: Personality predispositions play an important role in coping with stress, and therefore can be perceived as an important component in the prevention of burnout in the helping professions. Aim of this study was to examine relationships between risk and protective personal characteristics and burnout syndrome among helping professionals. In this context, social support is discussed in terms of protective effect against burnout. On the other hand, Type-D personality is considered as negative factor with r...

Ideas of nonlinear dynamics are widely used in various fields of human knowledge. The study of nonlinear phenomena shows that they reflect the real dimension of fractals and chaos. In this paper we consider some nonlinear mapping: fractal curve van der Varden modified conversion Baker and building of Julia sets by examining the graphical representation of the attractors of a rational map and developed algorithms to detect singularity Yang-Lee.

Based on previous studies that linked emotional disorders, including depression, with memory biases, the aim of the present study is to assess the relation between depression and memories for negative life events. Specifically, we aimed to investigate the individual differences in depressive state in evocation of both veridical and false memories. To study the occurrence of veridical and false memories, a video paradigm was used. Videos related details were not shown but were presented during a recognition task in...

In most educational systems, school grades and grades obtained at national exams represent two basic indicators of academic success. Given the role that emotions play in student learning and achievement, it is important to understand the role that previous academic results and the perceived importance of grades to be obtained in future exams, play in the activation of students' academic emotions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relations among students' previous grades, the perceived importance...

The purpose of this paper is to explore aspects influencing habits of information exchange in Latvian competitive environment. The study on implementation of competitive intelligence management in companies indicated the trends that employees of Latvian enterprises lack motivation to exchange information. Tasks of the study were to explore on the basis of the review of scientific sources and study aspects influencing habits of information exchange in Latvian organisations. For this particular study, the focus grou...

In the context of the increased incidence of psychic disorders and of man's need for healing, three psychotherapy Schools were developed in Vienna: 1) Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalitic School, whose deterministic theory is related to the principle of pleasure and which, consequently, speaks about the will to pleasure; 2) Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology School, which refers to the will to power; and 3) Victor Frankl's Logotherapy School, underlining the will to meaning. Along with these Schools, the accent has la...

Psychiatric disorders have a huge impact on life, leaving deep scars on the suffering soul. Although modern man is concerned about spirituality, being attracted to everything representing energy, harmony, relaxation or meditation, he stands powerless when facing mental disease. Therefore we ask the questions: What is the real cause of these diseases and what role plays the Orthodox psychotherapy in the healing process? This study shows that the Orthodox theology's understanding of human inner self and the personal...