Browse

During the history, water resources represented, particularly through the big watercourses, the seesaw of grand civilizations. Indispensable factor of life, water brought the enlargement and also decline to the peoples from antiquity. Water management techniques for rural and urban area became during history much diversified instruments. If till some decades ago, water excess removal was focused almost exclusively on quantitative aspects, modern land drainage is part of water integrated management, removing or con...

We should state right from the beginning that this portrait is not very flattering for the head of the Romanian Orthodox Church. All the news, reports and information about Patriarch Justinian create the image of a hierarch responsible for the abdication of the Church in front of the Communists. For Radio Free Europe his Patriarchat, especially in the 50s, is painted all in red being the one who accepted the entire policy of the regime in regard to the Church, that is the Marxist propaganda in the monasteries, red...

A recent investigation of the ecclesiastical organization at lower Danube during the 4th-7th centuries has revealed that a Notitia episcopatuum was drawn up under Patriarch Epiphanius of Constantinople (520-535), in the first decade of Justinian IВ’s reign (527-565). The aim of the present investigation is to identify the provinces that the metropolitan sees of Sebasteia (in the civil Armenia Prima, then Armenia Secunda) and Melitene (in the civil Armenia Secunda, then Armenia Tertia) were assigned to in that old ...

By the beginning of the XX century in the Russian Empire home beer production was not subject to any taxes and was widely developed among peasants. To large holidays, especially local, village, to weddings peasants always boiled beer in large quantities, but again same only for themselves, not on sale. In the late nineteenth century significantly increased the role of indirect taxes, and above all drink taxes. By the beginning of XX century. Russia had the following indirect taxes: taxes on sugar, matches, oil, to...

This article is devoted to the consideration of one of the most significant problems in the Russian-American relations - Information confrontation. Russia and the United States have different views on the information policy, there are also significant differences in the mechanisms of information impact on the opponent. In this regard, the relevance of the research topic is that in the XI century, along with the forceful methods of resolving conflicts, non-force mechanisms are actively used, which often prove that ...

The Yenisei region is almost entirely the territory of Middle Siberia (the Yenisei basin and some neighboring areas of the Ob basin). Most of the indigenous population of the region in the XVII–XIX centuries was part of the Russian state. In this regard, it is important to trace the historical destinies of indigenous people in the conditions of Russian economic and cultural influences. People of different origins lived here. The most numerous were Turkic-speaking groups – Kyrgyzs, Kachints, Shorts, Chulym-Turk...

The formation of independent Kazakhstan after the collapse of the USSR (1991) led to a change in the language situation, the formation of language policy, and language construction. The most urgent topics in society were the questions of the revival of the vitality of the state language – the Kazakh language; the narrowing of the spheres of functioning of the Russian language; and the transition from Cyrillic to Latin. There was a large number of scientific articles analyzing the language situation of Soviet Kaz...

In the second half of 1918 the Middle East strategy of Germany was entirely connected to GeorgiaВ’s foreign policy after signing the agreement at Poti on May 28, 1918. It was already clear that unleashed aspirations (plan of Turan and strong desire of taking over the south Caucasus) of Ottoman Empire were to finish. Undoubtedly, Germany was against the invasion of the south Caucasus by Turkey. ThatВ’s why Germany demanded from Turkey to stop the further military expansion in Transcaucasia. They recommended Turkish...

The article “Great Patriotic War: mortality and morbidity rates among the Yakut population (Siberia, Russia)” is written to study issues of human losses in the home front – Yakut Republic – in 1941-1945 in comparison with other regions of the country. During the development of the issue the author was guided by principles of the complex approach to the issue studied as the most important condition for the search for the historical truth, overview of events and processes closely related to the certain histo...

A defining characteristic of society in the 20th and the 21th century, in addition to the rapid development of science, technology and social systems, is the attempt to consciously preserve as much as possible of the past and the present for future generations. This article discusses the theoretical background of the heritage creation process and analyses the process based on different levels of society. To recognize something as heritage is to bring along its political, legal, economic and social influences. The ...

The aim of the article is to analyse the role and importance of international issues in shaping the program objectives and political activities of the national workers' party. This movement was created in 1920 by way of consolidation of previously functioning political, professional and social organizations. It took a centrist position on the Polish political scene of the interwar period. Being a democratic movement, it assessed the international situation from this perspective. The issue of Poland's security (esp...

The legal policy of the Russian Empire in XIX – early XX centuries in respect of language relations was aimed at strengthening the state positions of the Russian language in a spirit of European doctrines of Romantic era on the importance of the language in the nation’s consolidation. The basis for criticism of the national policy of the Russian Empire was laid by the Russian liberals and the Polish conservatives in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The most revolutionary-radical character the criticism of R...

The aim of the article is to analyse the theoretical basis of the idea of social solidarism proclaimed by Leopold Caro in Poland in the interwar period. Solidarism is for Caro a system different from liberalism and socialism. He contrasted the selfishness characterizing liberalism as well as Marxism and socialist collectivism with an economy for which the overriding values are the person, the common good and the ethical principles present in economic life. Such an approach entailed an interdisciplinary method with...

Historiography of the history about Civil war is currently on the rise. In many ways, this is connected with the 100th anniversary of the beginning of large-scale military operations on the territory of Russia in the spring of 1918. Recently, a significant number of historiographical works on the history of Civil war have been published and need to be evaluated. The aim of the article is to present the results of the study of the topic, reveal the problems of discussion, note the most important directions that req...

This report presents the continuation of our studies on the topic of nomadism in Northern Yakutia, which were conducted with the support of RFBR, project 17-11-14003. The previous work considered the influence of the Soviet state policy on the economy of reindeer herding. Our new work is focused on nomadism as a way of life which has its own intrinsic value. The ethno-cultural phenomenon of nomadic way of life in Yakutia has long been considered as one of the limiting factors of the development of the indigenous p...

In the first part of my paper, I will present the project В‘Petrarch Commentary and Exegesis in Renaissance Italy, c. 1350-c. 1650В’ and its provisional research findings. This project, founded for 3 years, starting January 2017, by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, aims to reconstruct the corpus of all the exegetical works on PetrarchВ’s Italian literary production. This vast and variegated material includes commentaries, academic lectures, glossaries, annotations, and all the other forms of exegetical wo...

This paper orders the facts relevant to the functioning of Jewish schools in the city of a particular significance for Jews, considered to be 'the mainstay of Jews'. Jewish school-ing in Lviv in the times of the Austrian Partition of Poland reflects the principal prob-lems of Jewish schooling in 19th and at the beginning of 20th century, in Central-Eastern Europe. In the paper, (were indicated) three original stages of the formation of schooling among the Jews were indicated. The first of those stages was connecte...

This paper is to present Polish-Ukrainian-Jewish relations in Galician education in 1867-1914. The activity of the Land Education Council in Galicia for the development of public education from the point of view of the above-mentioned nations was present-ed in it. It was demonstrated that its composition did not reflect that of Galician popula-tion. The LEC was dominated by Poles, which caused the protests for the part of Ukrainians, and its activity was largely determined by politics, and not conducive to de-velo...

The paper deals with the issue of collecting rainwater in Roman times on the example of two cities: Termessos and Phaselis. These cities are ruins located in the coastal area of the Antalia district in Turkey (Antalya Province in Turkey). In the 1st c. B.C. the Pisidian Termesoos and Phaselis - belonging to the Lycian federation - came under the rule of the Roman state, experiencing intense spatial development during this period. These towns represent two types of cities whose inhabitants had to adapt the urban st...

The article deals with issues related to the charitable activities of zemstvos on the example of the Vladimir zemstvo in the second half of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century. The zemstvo budget is analyzed in terms of its revenue and expenditure: sources, amounts, revenue dynamics, directions and expenditures, and sources for covering the budget deficit of the Vladimir zemstvo. The description of the financial security of social institutions, whose activities were controlled by the Vladimir zemstvo is gi...

The publication examines the history of state and legal regulation in the field of forming the revenue side of the treasury, the procedure for the work of the local authorities of the administration of regalia incomes in 1719-1724. A historical legal analysis of the special legal status of officials with powers in this area is conducted: representatives of the Chamber Chambers in the counties - Zemsky commissars, chamberers and renters. It is proved that civil servants in the field of finance in Russia in 1719-172...

The D?browa Basin is a socio-economic region established in the 19th century. It is located in southern Poland. The time periods cover the years 1975-1989. The initial date is 1975 - under the act of the Sejm [lower chamber of the Polish parliament] of the People's Republic of Poland of 28 May 1975 on the national administrative reform, 49 provinces were established in place of the then 17 ones. In turn, the closing date is marked by 1989 - the beginning of the political transformation in Poland. A basic research ...

The article is devoted to the analysis of the evolution of Soviet policy on enhancing industrial development in the context of social transformations led by the Communist Party. Authors introduce new periodization of industrial policy, give a brief analysis of its stages. The main goal of the study is to analyze the historical experience of the Soviet state in transformation and adjusting of industrial policy. The study is based modernization theory, as well as on the method of statistical and comparative analysis...

In the article the author on the basis of comparison of tamg signs on medievial Turkic tribes proves unity of their ethnohistorical and political development. The important role in moving of these tamg signs migratory processes and special mechanisms of formation of Turkic tribes, characteristic for a nomadic way of life have played. Thereupon the author comes to conclusion, that the generality of historical destinies of the Turkic people is defined by the unity of historical ways, since an epoch of ancient Turkic...

The celebration of the Holy Easter is in the center of the Christian cult, in the middle of the church year (from this holiday many others depends on), it is in the center of Christianity but, sadly, the date of this celebration is still under the sign of uncertainty, of division...We want a united Europe, we often talk about globalization, about a "single state", we are voting for constitutions of the European Union, we want to lead according to the same economic and social principles and desiderata, but the Chri...

There are already abundant articles, studies, and even monographs that try - some with godliness, others with methodical acreditation - reconstruct the presence, work and contribution of the Romanian Orthodox Church as a whole or of its people to the fulfillment of fundamental national ideas such as the Unification of the Principalities, obtaining Independence or the Great Union of 1918. We can not neglect the importance of these scientific achievements, but we can say that some of them have been preoccupied to pr...

The metropolitan see of Marcianopolis (today’s Devnya, in Bulgaria) is referenced in six Notitiae episcopatuum of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. However, although Marcianopolis used to be the metropolis of the Roman province of Moesia Secunda until 536, its ecclesiastical province is referred to as ?Haemimontus?, ?Haemimontus II? or even ?Thracia? in Notitiae. Besides, in Notitia 3 there are displayed the paragraphs of two provinces – ?Haemimontus II? and ?Moesia I? – whose sees were located in the terri...

Engineer and painter François Albanis Beaumont (1753-1811) travels on the most famous routes of the Grand Tour. Albanis Beaumont writes and draws. His approach to the region was different. In fact, the great Italian cities, their buildings and famous antiquities, seem relegated to second place, nevertheless he is a critical observer. The descriptions of the trips of Albanis Beaumont across the Alps are rich of topographical, economic, geological, anthropological and historical information. The traveller, however,...

The cult of the Virgin Mary as the patroness of the Livonian Order played an important role in the history of medieval Livonia. Through the use of different subjects and symbols associated with the Holy Mother, the Order unambiguously declared its claims for the leadership in the region. However, the peculiarities of her worship in the OrderВ’s domain and among its authorities differed greatly. This research is trying to the find those differences. In the work were complexly used general scientific and special his...

The objective of this paper is to present complementary schooling in Cz?stochowa in the years since 1918 until 1939. The submitted text presents the difficult situation of schooling for males and females in the interwar period, among others, in the aspect of legal status, financial situation and finding premises. The authoress used the method of historical research constituted by the analysis of documents. In the course of research, it was established that, until the year 1937, there had been no legal regulations ...

It is here, in Oriental Hotel Bangkok (now Mandarin Oriental) in Thailand, that one gathers, around the Regio Parco Dusit Park, the stupendous fruit of the meeting between Italy and the Orient. An important story but not very famous story. An eclectic artistic-architectural treasure, in some ways fabulous, which developed in a few decades in the independent Kingdom of Siam. In fact, at the end of XIX century the rivalry between Britain and France in South West Asia ensures the survival of the Kingdom of Siam. The ...