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PUBLIC SCHOOL AS A TOOL OF THE ASSIMILATION OF JEWS IN CENTRAL-EASTERN EUROPE IN 19TH, AND AT THE BEGINNING OF 20TH CENTURY (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE CITY OF LVIV)

M. Lapot

Abstract

This paper orders the facts relevant to the functioning of Jewish schools in the city of a particular significance for Jews, considered to be 'the mainstay of Jews'. Jewish school-ing in Lviv in the times of the Austrian Partition of Poland reflects the principal prob-lems of Jewish schooling in 19th and at the beginning of 20th century, in Central-Eastern Europe. In the paper, (were indicated) three original stages of the formation of schooling among the Jews were indicated. The first of those stages was connected with so-called Hombergian schools, which were set up at the end of the 18th century. The second stage was started by Folk School, set up in 1844, and supported by the Jewish community, dominated by so-called maskils (the Jewish Enlightenment advocates), supported the school. The subsequent stage in the development of elementary schooling was started (determined) in 1879, when the municipal authorities of Lviv made a decision to set up public school, which was to be the first one in the city, and which was to serve solely the needs of Jewish population. The experiences connected with this school resulted in set-ting up subsequent public schools for Jews. The author used the following research methods: the analysis of historical sources, in-duction, deduction, synthesis and a comparative method.

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