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Features of architecture of Abkhazian medieval one-apsidal hall temples are presented in this article. A small one-nave church is easy to build and it was important in the conditions of a need for fast and universal construction of temples. It is a reflection of local architectural preferences and the construction equipment as the local masters could build such temples, not owning difficult technologies of arch building. Besides, by means of a gradual extension of additional rooms the one-apsidal church was easy t...

Important component of fortification in system of resettlement of mountain societies were settlements. Concerning the main settlements in defense the natural factor had also defining value: - a remote location of the settlement (existence on approaches to him of natural barriers: - breaks, steep slopes, rocks); - existence of the circular review of the area surrounding the settlement; - existence of communications of the basic with seasonal settlements – the settlements located in even more hard-to-reach spots hav...

One of the original manifestations of house-building creativity of North Caucasus mountaineers– an original form of stage-pyramidal terminations of tower constructions: patrimonial crypts and Vainakh patrimonial towers. Process of symbolization and shaping of stage-pyramidal terminations of the North Caucasus tower constructions can be figuratively presented as a process of the imaging in an external form of an interior of the most ancient centric-staged design of overlapping. The centric-staged design of overla...

The character of space development and traditional nature management was one of the components of the traditional culture generality of all nations of the North Caucasus, therefore regional architectural features of the Christian churches of the North Caucasus as a whole were manifested most clearly in the location of the temple in the structure of the settlement and in its relationship with the landscape and a natural environment. During all studied period (from VI to XIV centuries) mutual influence of basic foun...