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The article investigates the influence of the national-cultural specificity of speech behavior on the formation of expressive forms of address in the Russian language as well as in the Colombian and Costa Rican variants of the Spanish language. Groups of expressive addresses are distinguished depending on their semantic load, ways of transferring evaluativity and expressiveness; pragmatic factors affecting their formation and functioning are described, namely: evaluative-characterizing and emotivecharacterizing on...

The purpose of this article is to prove the efficiency of innovative technology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, taking into account the specifics of precedent phenomena, i.e., units of discourse, which are understandable without additional explanations. The performed analysis made it possible to distinguish the following groups of precedent phenomena: autoprecedent phenomena (phenomena of the surrounding world); socially-precedent phenomena (known to every representative of a society); nationally-preced...

Two types of state ideology are analyzed in the article: ideology of totalitarian regimes, which existed in Italy, Spain, Germany, the USSR and China in the 20th century, and modern ideology of the “consumer society”. Both of them result from ideas of the Enlightenment (rule, based on reason, omniparity, freedom and justice) and have common features. The peculiarities of the totalitarian regime, which had a tendency for suppression of dissent, and the so-called “one-dimensional society”, controlling the man as str...

Proverbs and sayings, traditions and customs of the country serve as a bright reflection of national identity. They are collected and transmitted from generation to generation in written texts, primarily in works of fiction. In the process of reading and translating texts containing a large amount of linguistic and cultural information, foreign students are faced with the problem of understanding these words. This is due to the fact that they belong to the layer of nonequivalent lexis, which is present in every la...