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In accordance with Section 88 of the Latvian Criminal Procedure Law, a person who has the right to defence is entitled to refuse a defence counsel. Such refusal shall be allowed only on the basis of the initiative of the person himself or herself; whereas if a person who has the right to defence has expressed a request regarding the participation of a defence counsel, the refusal of a defence counsel may take place only in the presence of the defence counsel. The problem is related to the fact that the police prov...

The tapping is one of the information-technical means, which are regulated by the Slovak criminal procedure law, especially for investigation of most serious crimes like terrorism, organized crime or economic crime. Its meaning is that the getting of evidences is provided from persons, who have relevant information for the criminal procedure in the real time. Their conversation is spontaneous and information, which they are sharing, are not distorted. However, considering the fact that this mean is necessary conne...

Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (hereinafter: GDPR) ratified “the right to be forgotten.” The EU legislator has given data subjects a tool that allows to control the processing of personal data, while at the same time it protects their right to privacy. This tool is the...

The Law is made of concepts. Each legal concept contains a bottom layer and preceding philosophic synonym. Each word has its meaning, as a sign which represents an axiom. For this reason, traditionally, legal sciences are averse to polysemy. Therefore, 'adoption' of embryos and 'donation of embryos' are entirely distinct concepts. Moreover, nowadays medically assisted procreation procedures are an answer to numerous issues that touch the lives of an uncountable number of families. However, at the pace that these p...

The future in jurisprudence, including crime prevention and control, is increasingly marked by the development and use of new technologies. Among the before-mentioned developments, quite essential perspectives are attributed to large data systems and artificial intelligence (AI). The use of artificial intelligence in crime control comprises organizational, technological and legal aspects.Artificial intelligence possesses selfdevelopment capacities whose evolutionary trend might be difficult to prognose and, probab...

The urgency of the problem under consideration is that at present in the country there is a constant improvement, both of the education system and its departmental segment. Therefore, the need to appeal to the historical experience of the formation and development of the Soviet education system is not in doubt. The study of the historical experience of the formation and development of departmental professional education should be considered in the context of the entire educational policy pursued by the leadership ...

The theme of the research is topical in today’s challenges in the fight against terrorism, international crime and in maintaining the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states in the context of hybrid war as well as other aggressive activities. The legal framework for emergency regimes has been researched in the aspects of national border security and internal security. The legal analysis method to investigate legal regulation in the field of emergency regimes in Latvia and the EU, the historical method of r...

According to legal provisions laid down in article 1.350 of the Romanian Civil Code, any person bound by a contract must fulfill his obligations under that contract. The creditor is entitled to the full, exact and timely fulfilment of the obligations by the debtor based on the provisions of article 1.516 of the Romanian Civil Code. Also, according to the same legal provisions, unless performance is impossible, the creditor may still request that the debtor be compelled to perform the obligation in kind. As far as ...

In the Romanian legal system, labor law, as a branch of law, consists of the individual right of labor law, which refers to the individual labor relations of the employees with their employers and the collective labor law, which refers to the collective working relations, respectively the legal regime of trade unions, patronage, collective bargaining and strike. The main laws governing the two sides of labor law are Law no. 53/2003 (Labor Code) and Law no. 62/2011 (Law on Social Dialogue). Year 2011 was very impor...

In ideal circumstances, parents are the most devoted advocates for their children. They have first-hand information about the children and take care passionately about the children’s welfare. Therefore, the law recognizes parents as guardians of children’s welfare and gives them substantial autonomy in making decision for their children. However, sometimes the actions of well-meaning parents could be a subject of testing limits of parental autonomy. It is especially the case if their actions represent a risk for c...

In September 2017, the European Parliament and the Council adopted the Regulation 2017/1601 establishing the European Fund for Sustainable Development (EFSD), the EFSD Guarantee and the EFSD Guarantee Fund.Because the Regulation EU 2017/1601 is a pretty recent legislative act, to accomplish this juridical task, the bibliography will be represented by European Union legislative acts concerning the domain. The Regulation 2017/1601 is the result of European Union leaders efforts to create a european fund for sustaina...

Social enterprises are a relatively new and expanding field of study. They could be private for-profit, non-profit and hybrid organizations with a social mission that use business approaches to achieve their objectives. They typically function upon a range of laws to govern their creation, day-to-day management, tax arrangements and dissolution. Since social enterprises are in the inter-section of the for-profit and nonprofit sectors, policy makers have, in certain countries, sought to encourage it by creating a c...

Forensic chemistry as a part of forensic science seems to be appreciated by judicial bodies. Nevertheless, relations and cooperation between authorities conducting proceedings and an expert from such complicated and specific field can be very difficult. The group of forensic experts applying chemical analysis methods for evidence purposes in criminal trial in Poland were surveyed within the studies. Types of physicochemical methods used by forensic experts and approaches utilized for presentation of results in opi...