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Although the book: The Renaissance Englishwoman in Print. Counterbalancing the canon. Haselkorn and Travitsky, eds., University of Massachusetts Press, 31 January 1990, appeared/was published in the 90В’s through its seventeen (17) essays on women as writers or/and as objects of representation in the English Renaissance, it presents and analyses the ways women were treated in the traditional canon and in the writings - interpretation(s) of these writings. The book is divided in five (5) parts (the outspoken woman,...

The first linguistic congress to discuss the future of the Turkish language was held in Ankara, in 1932. This congress concluded the emergency and the necessity of starting a comprehensive language reform that is referred as a “language revolution” in Turkish. Among others, one of the aims of this revolution was to purify the language by replacing the Arabic and the Persian words with Turkic words. This institutionalized, top-down revolution resulted in the politization of the Turkish language. Since the very ...

Recent research with regard to the ecological approach has managed to model the concept of affordances in relation with higher cognition in order for it to be accommodated by the embodied/enactive approach as part of the “4E cognition” theory. While trying to understand the cognitive effect literature has, we treat the Slovak novel The Wicker Chairs as a case study. We apply the theory of affordances to literature. We show that engaging selectively with multiple affordances results in mapping relations of inte...

This study aims to reach and illuminate at the first level, dramaturgically and comparatively the librettos of the comedians playwriters of the Italian 18th century Carlo Goldoni and Carlo Gozzi. The Venetians playwriters are two of the "fundamental cornerstones" of world theater history, which affected the work of the modern and postmodern world dramaturgy and stage practice. This theatrical production, placed in the context of the original boom of comedian theater in Europe in the 18th century, simultaneously wi...

The aim of this research is to identify the effect of the COVID 19 pandemic on the relations of church state and international law. I am researching the state of religious freedom in the 21st Century in my overall research by studying international human rights law, state laws and religious laws. Through my general research I set up 5 state models to identify church and state relations, namely: pure, cold, coordinated, enemy, and unity depending on each stateВ’s attitude towards religious observance and practice. ...

Under the influence of the law of the European Union, in the Slovak Republic, special attention has been drawn to consumer protection for some time already. Consumer protection is provided for in several laws. Particularly resonant is the protection of consumers from unfair contractual terms, as laid down in the Civil Code (Act No. 40/1964 Coll.) and the Civil Litigation Procedure (Act No. 160/2015 Coll.). In the Civil Code, unfair terms are defined by the general clause. Also included is demonstrative enumeration...

An objective of clinical legal education (CLE) is to stimulate students to take the active part in the learning process to develop legal skills that will be of great aim once they complete the law school and start to work in the practice. The CLE offer students the unique way of learning about the law by analysing the law in a real-life context. With the help of the CLE the students learn that some members of the society do not have equal opportunity to access the justice to protect their subjective right which gi...

It seems that over the years in the Italian legal system, the legislator has never provided a clear legal concept of the environment that can be taken as a safe point of reference. Indeed, the environment is defined differently in different laws - sometimes indirectly or per relationem - and this creates considerable difficulty of interpretation. Particularly since the mid-seventies in Italy there has been a significant increase in legislation protecting the essential elements of the biosphere (water, air and soil...

In recent years, the examination of the management models of companies has seen the emergence of more and more, but still not enough, choices of governance oriented, and then conditioned by, to corporate social responsibility which is that strategic vision of the company that includes in its economic objectives, not only the relationships with all its stakeholders, but supports them with social objectives, which then turn into values - measurable - for the same company. This choice is influenced by the national an...

The economic and political instability in many countries, the growth of unemployment, the decline in social security and the intensification of migration processes have formed trends in the spread of kidnapping, human trafficking, the use of their slave labor and other crimes aimed at personal freedom. The organized, international and transnational nature of these crimes, as well as their spread in many states, predetermined the need for cooperation between law enforcement agencies of various countries in the fiel...

In the last decade, the research of a scientific text from the perspective of communicative function has become a focal point of linguistics. Great attention is paid both to the analysis of the text formation mechanism and to the principles and legitimacy of the creation of specific scientific text genres. Unfortunately, there are still few studies in Latvia dedicated to the structural and semantic analysis of various scientific texts. Therefore, the current study focuses on linguists' reviews of doctoral theses a...

In the modern literary science, the issues connected with Soviet regime (censorship, interaction between ideology and literature, translation policy etc.) and its impact on public awareness and national culture are of great scientific importance. The present study examines and in the comparative perspective evaluates peculiarities of literary translation in oppressive socio-political circumstances experienced by Latvia during the Soviet occupation (1940-1941; 1944/45-1990/91). The focus is on John SteinbeckВ’s nov...

In the last decades linguocultural sciences, cognitive linguistics (concept), anthropocentric paradigm, such young branches of linguistics has led to the identification of ethnos and national culture by language. The role and place of the "woman-mother" in the fate of modern Kazakh language, as well as in the past, is very important. However, in the national outlook of the Kazakh people, the image of a woman in the Kazakh culture was not fully resolved. In this connection, it is important to prove that the concept...

The tendency to increase the volume of Bank transactions and losses from theft committed using electronic means of payment indicates the need to ensure the security of non-cash transactions. The article presents the basics of the modern concept of fraud prevention using electronic means of payment, formulated on the basis of studying the experience of foreign countries, current trends, and prospects in the field of non-cash Bank transfers. For the purpose of writing the article, the authors used foreign and Russia...

Known for his tragedies, the 18th century Italian writer, Count Vittorio Alfieri, was influenced and partly conditioned by Aristotle’s Poetics and by the literary opinions of his age. However, his fidelity to the ancient form of the tragedy did not hinder the introduction of a new type of conflict that would appeal to his contemporaries and to the future generations, namely that between a tyrant and what he called “a hero of freedom”. Despite belonging to high nobility, Alfieri was fiercely attracted by the E...

Accession of Bulgaria to the EU in 2007 was followed by a radical transformation in government and social policies towards people with disabilities. The dominant medical model, in which the disabled are perceived as passive users of financial resources, has been displaced by activating the processes of social inclusion of people with deficits, including by creating conditions for their professional realization. The legal status of the disabled is regulated by changes in legislation aimed at overcoming social isola...

The system of dialects of the Latvian language has developed under the influence of various extra-linguistic factors: in the parishes subordinated to the manors, the territorial restriction and the lack of mutual contacts led also to linguistic isolation and consequently to the development of different sub-dialects. It has been largely conditioned by economic and political circumstances. The sociolinguisti ay be I will be given the link just tomorrow in the morningc situation of LatviaВ’s south-eastern sub-dialect...

The purpose of the research is analyzing models of epistolary narrative used in contemporary women's life writing on the example of texts by Latvian writer Margita Gutmane, Romanian author Irina Grigorescu Pana, and Canadian prose fiction writer Alice Munro. Methodology of the research is comparative analysis of narrative elements used in auto/biographical texts. The elements of the epistolary genre – letter, diary, personal notes, etc. – are used with the aim of creating the effect of authenticity and enhanci...

The paper discusses the use of idioms in British newspapers focusing particularly on the substitution of components aimed at producing context-specific idiomatic meaning. An idiom is a relatively stable (both grammatically and semantically), cohesive, conventionally fixed string of words with completely or partially figurative meaning, which is not a combination of a verb and an adverbial or prepositional particle and which is not longer than a sentence [1]. An idiom is a relatively stable unit of language because...

Italy has been particularly affected by the Covid-19 epidemic. There have been, and continue to be, many deaths, raising the problem of contagion management within the workplace and new corporate organisational practices to be adopted to minimise the risk of contagion. From the criminal point of view, for some years now, legal entities - including, of course, companies, have also been liable for the death or serious or very serious injuries of its workers, in violation of the regulations on their health and safety...

In connection with the spread of COVID-19 and the consequences it caused, the Slovak Republic has adopted several laws in various legal areas. One of them is the law, which has significantly affected the basic institutes of civil law. As the most important consequence can be considered the interference with the running of time limits, both substantive and procedural ones. In the case of substantive time limits (both standard limitation periods and extinctive limitation periods), a temporary suspension of these tim...

The article discusses intonation tools that perform the function of influencing the public speech of a political leader on the audience. In the given article author examines functions of intonation, and considers different approaches to the problem of intonation in Russian, Kazakh, British and American linguistic schools. Different positions are noted in resolving the issue of the language status of certain functions. Sociolinguistic and intonation aspects of analysis used to have very significant differences in t...