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The research focuses on the study of culture as a complex self-organizing system and the identification of significant relationships between the observed peaks of the creative activity in such fields as art, music, literature, philosophy, science and technology. To establish the relationship between the development of cultural fields and development of society the structural-demographic theory was used, according to which a state goes through integration and disintegration phases during its existence. According to...

Starting from the middle of the 19th century, several reading circles were established in the wide countryside, villages, and areas covered with farms. These were autonomous organisations established by the inhabitants, covering the local society of a smaller zone, town district or border section. By the end of the 1930-ies, approx. 1800 such associations operated in Hungary, with approx. 150,000 members. Also including the members' families and relatives, altogether 700,000-800,000 people were related to these as...

This essay deals with the ideas of the Czech phenomenological philosopher Jan Patocka. In particular, I investigate Patocka's conception of the relation of art to †deep' and †superficial' history, which he sketches in his essays from the 1930s and the 1940s. Patocka sketches this conception in the context of his considerations of the various types of education. Patocka shows that art, philosophy, historiography, politics, economy and science represent various †educational powers,' which shape human history. ...

The Stolypin's Agrarian reform (1907-1916) became a principle phenomenon in the economic life of Russia at the beginning of the XX century. In the course of the reform 1.5 million peasants migrated to Siberia and to Central Asia. Among migrants there were Russian Germans (Russladdeutsche) from the Volga region and provinces of the south of Russia. The Stolypin's reform resulted in the advent of a new ethnic group, i.e. Siberian Germans who played the key role in the economy of the Asian part of the Russian Empire....

Addresses two main periods in the history of the newspaper "The Permian Provincial Gazette" associated with the stages of development of Russian society in the XIX - early XX centuries.: pre-reform and post-reform. The history of this publication has been closely associated with the processes of modernization in Russian society, which led to the development and dissemination of periodicals in Russia in the first half of the XIX century, including an official of the provincial press. Strengthening the process of mo...

This article will delineate a set of aspects of Ioan Petru Culianu (1950-1991) philosophical viewpoint – what will be called here Culianu's model. Culianu was a Romanian-born historian of Religions, a Literary Theory scholar, and also a fiction author. Culianu's model is an original way of researching Religion (at first), with the intention of extending on Humanities in general, Science and even Literature. It was started by Culianu in several books and articles, but unfortunately it remained unfinished because ...

The article shows the main propositions of the Russian idea of the representatives of the Russian social-philosophic thought, determines whether the ideas proposed by our predecessors are urgent today, argues for the necessity of the existence of the national idea in modern Russia and its influence on the destiny of the Russian nation.

The Tatar's conception of the world is connected with influence of pagan faith and millennial Islam traditions and its value system. Islam got into everyday life of an individual and had an effect on their lifestyle and household activities. People changed the world not only in the material plan, but also in the mental way. We can get information about how the society lived and what the time was like through studying the things people created. To define the inner mental world of a person a specific lexical item ku...

Agricultural and Weather-lore is a unique monument of folklore. It accumulates practical wisdom of people, experience gathered during the centuries and carefully passed on from generation to generation. It has been proved that agricultural and weather-lore is closely linked with customs, amulets and talismans. The aim of this article is to reveal whether we can take agricultural and weather-lores for linguistic units. This question has appeared because many scientific investigations have been made devoted to vario...

Contrastive-comparative studying of languages and literatures serves the spirit of modern integration processes in the world, especially in the sphere of science and culture. At the present stage, marked by multilingualism, and intensity of cross-cultural and cross-ethnic contacts, it is necessary to develop a number of key questions of cross-cultural communication. The study of its various sides is important for formation of the tolerant language personality knowing several languages and living in different cultu...

This article focuses on the reverse side of the anthropological fieldwork on a case of explorer's identity. This case uncovers the process of research work inside the island community of Solovetsky archipelago. The main aspect of this paper is autoreflexion of a scientist. First of all he has the status of a spectator. On the next stage we find him as a participant involved, to a greater or lesser extent, in social action, production processes inside the community. But even being simply a spectator of random scene...

The article deals with the problem of language influence on the formation of national images of the world in the conditions of globalization and the Internet space expanded potentialities. Since a language as a system of symbols and a communication code preserves and transmits the accumulated experience of generations, it serves to determine the borders of ethnocultural identity, to ensure the reproduction of national images of the world and the historical and cultural succession. Under the influence of globalizat...

A group of researchers from the Department of Mathematical Linguistics of St.Petersburg State Universityhas been developing scientific and educational web resource dedicated toplace names of Ingermanlandfor several decades.This project began in early 2000s, when database on place names of Ingermanland was created. This database was developedon the base of place names register, collected in the course of a number oftoponymic expeditions in St. Petersburg Government and Kareliafrom1970s until the present day. In thi...

The paper is devoted to the analysis of sacrifices of the peoples of the Volga region. These sacrifices symbolize the “initiation” of the select few (priests and benefactors) into an otherworldly sphere that it is possible to compare with absolution from sins. According to the theory of the French scientist Marcel Mauss the sacrifice falls into a category of “the sacred” along with magic and prayer, has the scheme, general and special functions. It is supposed on the ground of the existentialistic approach...

The development of the travelogue genre in a national literature is closely related to the geographical and mental cartography that characterizes the respective territory. Moreover, the strategies for perceiving, mapping and describing the lands, countries and regions which the writer has become familiar with while traveling are usually informed by the historical tradition and the ideological context of one's epoch. The travelogue genre in any national literature is one of those literary genres that essentially de...

The article is devoted to the university teaching community of Russia at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries as a particular social category of Russian society. Despite being a relatively sparse group, even from the XIX century, it played a significant part in the life of the country and often was a marker of the social and political processes occurring in Russia. Appeal to the specified object allows us to fill one of the gaps in the comprehensive analysis of the social history of Russia in the late XIX – early ...

The problems of transformation of complex sources in the Russian regional ethnography are discussed in article. The reasons for the change and the expansion of ethnocultural information corpus in XX-XXI centuries on the example of the Vyatka province / Kirov region are showed. This corpus expanded by ethnography of city, micro-history, mentality studying, ethnoecology, ethnovaleology, application of nanotechnology and aerobiology.

Ethnographic and other historical sources help to reconstruct gender portraits of peasants in Russian province, for example – in Vyatka Region. These portraits are comprised from visual characteristics, costume complexes, living standards, statuses in village association. The question about personal freedom was answered specifically. The models of woman and man communications were important parts in ethnic culture.