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The aim of this article is to present descriptive geometry, which quickly reached the Polish lands. First lecture was held at the Warsaw School of Artillery and Engineering in 1809-1812, by a French teacher Jan Joachim Livet (1809-12). The new discipline was quickly adopted in all major centers of Polish science at that time, which include university cities - Warsaw, Krakow, Vilnius and the Krzemieniec Lyceum, which represent high level of teaching. In each of the existing universities, efforts were made to create...

This paper orders the facts relevant to the functioning of Jewish schools in the city of a particular significance for Jews, considered to be 'the mainstay of Jews'. Jewish school-ing in Lviv in the times of the Austrian Partition of Poland reflects the principal prob-lems of Jewish schooling in 19th and at the beginning of 20th century, in Central-Eastern Europe. In the paper, (were indicated) three original stages of the formation of schooling among the Jews were indicated. The first of those stages was connecte...