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DEVELOPING OF CREATIVITY AND CRITICAL THINKING IN SUBJECT OF CIVICS
Abstract
At present, education is being brought to the forefront of any society to shape the pupils' and students' personality in terms of both intellectual and moral improvement, to teach them to know themselves, other people, develop their independence, creativity and critical thinking. In Slovakia for the education an important matter is the subject of Civics, which, according to the State Education Program ISCED 2, is the subject to be sought for pupils to understand themselves and others, to help them navigate the world and to seek their socialization. A team of APVV researchers working on the project Practice in the Center of Trade Union Didactics, Union Didactics in the Center for Practical Training, which is realized at Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, is based on current social needs and focuses on the issue of improving and expanding the practical training of teachers that is in recent years in the spotlight of OECD countries in the context of PISA international measurements. The aim of the project is to identify key teaching strategies to support the development of critical and creative pupils' thinking and the necessity of the theoretical preparation for future teachers in terms of its connection with everyday educational reality. The aim of the paper is to point out the topicality of the examined problem and to present the issue of problem-based learning (PBL) for increasing the teachers' professional competences in the field of implementation of teaching strategies developing critical thinking. Among the innovative forms of teaching in terms of problem-based learning, we pay attention to the dialogue that can be used in the educational process in discussions, conversations, mutual confrontation of a particular subject matter, team working, work in pairs, project presentations. Teaching journals and video recordings from the pedagogical practices of students in teachers' study in the 1st ? 2nd year of the master's degree in terms of Civics at primary and secondary schools are used to map the current situation.
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