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ADAPTING TO CHANGE: THE JOURNEY OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEMS FROM THE 1990S TO THE 2020S
Abstract
In this article we explore the evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in the 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and the current trends in the 2020s. In the 1990s, ERP systems become known as an important progress over the preceding Material Requirements Planning (MRP II) systems, and offered improved technology, functionalities, and integration of key business processes. The main architecture of these systems shifted to client/server, while graphical user interfaces (GUIs) were introduced, and thus they became more configurable and adaptable to organizational needs. In the 2000s, we witnessed industry consolidation and the beginning of ERP II, which highlighted the integration and collaboration with other systems, and real-time access. The 2010s established the ERP III concept, which incorporated technologies such as cloud computing, Software as a Service (SaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS). In order to increase productivity, automation, and decision-making in the 2020s, ERP systems are projected to further integrate technologies including artificial intelligence (AI), robotic process automation (RPA), blockchain, sustainability, and augmented reality (AR).
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References20
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