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A CONSTRUCTION GRAMMAR APPROACH TO RUSSIAN PREPOSITIONS

V.Zakharov, V. Mikhailova

Abstract

The paper provides a construction grammar perspective to identifying meaning of prepositions in Russian. It describes performance of an interpreter uncovering meanings of prepositions in “master” — preposition — “slave” constructions. In contrast to the classical linguistic methodology focusing on the simplest units of different language levels, modern studies practice synthetic methods trying to catch and describe language structures which integrate different language units: words, collocations, etc. Constructions – combinations of lexical, semantic, morphological, syntactical and other features realized in phrases – are of peculiar interest for modern linguists. Complex description and systematization of constructions seek for elaboration of identification methods using manual and automatic techniques as well as analysis of their paradigmatic and syntagmatic features and quantitative analysis of their frequency and strength. The paper features a new method of building the grammar of prepositional constructions for the Russian language (the ontology of Russian prepositions) based on lexical, semantic and morphological contextual markers, as well as one of its possible realisations — the grammar for simple Russian propositions, based on data of the “Syntactical dictionary” by G. Zolotova. The grammar consists of descriptions of lexical and semantic features of meaningful words that build up a context in which some meaning of a preposition is being actualised. The practical and scientific value of this work is connected with the possibility to use its results when computing linguistic tasks in NLP-systems and in further investigation of semantics of prepositions.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/32/S14.064

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