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There had been quite a specific situation in Hungary during the Horthy Era with regards to the form of government and exercising the power of the head of state. The form of government of country was a constitutional monarchy (Kingdom of Hungary), but there was no king. Instead of a king, an elected regent had fulfilled the function of the head of state. In Europe there was no other precedent for such a situation that the throne had not been occupied for 25 years, while the monarchy had been maintained. At the begi...

Hungary joined World War II alongside Germany in order to get back its territories lost at the end of World War I. However, the co-operation was only partial: the Hungarian Government did not fulfil several German claims (using the entire armed forces at the front lines, German control over the economy, and deportation of the Jews). In 1943, Hungary started secret negotiations with the Western Allies in order to quit the war, and in September, it accepted the preliminary conditions of an armistice. The Carpathian ...