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The paper deals with the first Polish colonial ideology, which unexpectedly started from the real colony, and after word for many years has became utopian. The paper presents the ideology in chronologic order as well as authors of utopian thinking in Poland. During Polish partitions many attempts were overtaken to establish the “New Poland” in many places in the world (Oceania, some places in Africa, South America, etc). It also deals with such colonial episodes as Polish colonization in Siberia by prisoners a...

The Middle-Ages can be considered as the affirmation of Europe as the center of civilization, and the Gothic style as the manifestation of this affirmation.In the European context, Portugal is born with the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors, and its recognition as an independent country coincides with the appearance of the Gothic style.The Gothic had two means of assertion in Portugal: The scholarly path, expressed in the foreign influence of the Cistercian Gothic of Alcobaca as well as the flamboya...

The current market conditions prevent the full competitiveness of alternative fuels as renewable energy sources (RES) and require dedicated support for the producers of energy. Since the adoption of the 2009/28/EC Directive several RES bills in Poland have appeared. Latest bill assume a quite surprising abandonment of certificate of origin as the primary support instrument in favour of an auctioning system. The paper aims to assess the competitiveness and capability of development of individual RES technologies in...

In the present situation and at the high level of scientific and technological advancement, project management should take into account the environmental dimension. The Russian real estate market, in terms of innovative economic development, has certain specific features. As the environmental situation is deteriorating, the real estate market in Russia obviously needs innovative development in compliance with environmental standards. Environmental development is a trend that is only in its infancy in Russia, and h...

Today, housing accessibility is low in Russia. This situation is rooted in the following causes: 1. Most Russians are not able to save up for housing. High interest rates on mortgage loans limit the use of mortgage as a tool to finance consumer demand in the housing market. 2. Existing conditions of mortgage programs and high security of the asset, such as real estate, from the market uncertainty lead to increased investment demand, which brings about the continued positive dynamics in housing prices. The authors ...

The paper deals with measurement of financial performance of the company, which is conditioned with market and macroeconomic changes. We used financial risk measure Earning-at-Risk that can be applied to non-financial enterprises and it is similarly to Cash-flow-at-Risk method. The methodology of study is based on measurement of dependence between financial performance and market and macroeconomic risk factors. This relation is quantified using multiple regression models. We emphasize respect for assumptions of th...

The aim of this paper is to provide an objective overview of the impact of teacher salaries on the educational achievements of students. It is often debated about teacher salaries and improvement or jeopardizing their standard, but educational consequences that may ensue as a result of these intentions are rarely addressed. Teacher's role in student's achievement outcomes is unquestionable. There are many factors that have an impact on student achievement, but this paper will analyze only the impact of teacher's i...

The authors of this research paper believe that school principals play an irreplaceable role in raising the school efficiency. Their role is rather neglected in the Croatian academic debates on improving the quality of school system. This research intends to enhance the scientific level of their position as irreplaceable factors in a school system. The research aims to identify and illustrate the dominant model of Croatian school principals' leadership and management carried out in 3 Slavonian counties. Furthermor...

The globalization processes, that are taking place worldwide, blur the competition boundaries between nations and affect Russia's competitiveness. In recent years, the competitiveness of the Russian Federation has been limited. For instance, the Global Competitiveness Index, calculated by experts at the World Economic Forum, shows slightly better competitiveness of the Russian economy. In 2013-2014, its 64th place is not very prestigious, although compared with the last year, Russia has climbed from the 67th posit...

History of international civil process has begun from the process of intuitive decision rules that would have solved the problem of resolving disputes involving foreigners at national level. Only later process of scientific and doctrinal justification worded its existence and fixed on the level of international treaties. Formation of international civil procedure in the article traced from the ancient Egypt to Europe of XX century. Authors also pay attention to the regional aspects of the penetration and establish...