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Above all, this article analyses the distinction of the contemporary Russian political and legal transition from state-centered social structure to human-centered society. The former presupposes that sociopolitical relations are subject to the etatization of socium and individuals and laws substantially limit human freedoms. The latter is based on the priority of human rights and freedoms, which is fundamental for a social state of law. In the 1990s there were certain efforts to approach the second type of develop...

The justice system must be independent and unbiased and in accordance with international standards and not serve as an instrument to protect the politics of power and business structures and politics related to power holders. Therefore, the whole country should have inclusive reforms in judicial power and prosecution as a precondition for restoring citizens’ trust, institutions that will guarantee that the executive and legislative power do their functions in accordance to legal acts and international standards. T...

The aim is to conduct a comparative legal research of the functioning of various forms of legal proceedings with the participation of the people’s element in foreign countries. The authors pay special attention to the definition of the role of a professional judge in such courts. Its methodology includes both the general scientific methods and the specific juridical methods of cognition. The result of the research is an identification, separation from the multifaceted legal experience of developed democratic count...

The age-old dispute between supporters of egalitarian and elitist paradigms has lasted for many centuries, both within the framework of political philosophy and in the depths of socio-political doctrines. One of the stumbling blocks to this discourse is the problem of justice. Each side offers its own vision of this key segment of their system and tries to convince everyone of the historical validity of its ideological position. Such a confrontation led to serious socio-political conflicts, with uncountable casual...