Scholarly record

ARTISTIC IDENTITY OF RUSSIAN-WRITING ETHNIC WRITERS WRITERS (IN A CASE OF P. CHERNYKH-YAKUTSKYВ’S WORKS)

E. Rufova

Abstract

The early 20th century was to become a significant milestone not only for the development of relations between Russia and Yakutia, but also for the convergence of Russian and Yakut people, largely through Russian literature. The beginning of the 20th century, as the time for the Russian-language literature appearance in Yakutia, was a difficult period, given the fact that the beginning of the century was a time for the political change of eras and ideals, the time to search for political, social, and spiritual values, as well as means of artistic expression. The drama of that time, according to N. S. Nadyarnykh, is explained by the very specific nature of the written literature genesis. There took place a clash of two types of artistic consciousness, two ways of expressing the meaning merge and interact: the oral word and the written word. With young literatures, and it is the case of the Yakut literature in the beginning of the 20th century, there is another serious problem - "the problem of the context of literature, or, in other words, the problem of relating the national "text" of literature with all its contents and forms, as well as with its context – historical, cultural, and social." One of the founders of the Yakut Russian-writing literature was poet Petr Nikodimovich Chernykh (1882-1933), born in a mixed marriage, who was fluent in both Russian and Yakut languages and knew Yakut folklore and works of Russian classical writers. The poet himself wrote mostly in Russian, although some of his poems were written in Yakut. Besides, P. N. Chernykh is also known as one of the first translators The Red Shaman, a poem by the founder of Yakut Soviet literature P. A. Oyunsky, who approved the translation. Fruitful cooperation with the political exiles, work for the local press, a personal meeting with writer Maxim Gorky - all this characterizes P. N. Chernykh-Yakutsky as an active local poet who made a significant contribution to the development of the literary process of Yakutia in the early 20th century. The national originality of P. N. Chernykh-Yakutsky’s works is manifested in the way of creating images, vocabulary chosen, use of indirect forms of folk motifs, the manner of depicting the natural scenery. In his works, P. N. Chernykh-Yakutsky felt intuitively the tragic gap between man and nature. He never used nature as a background of the action; it was an independent, highly emotional part of it, which explaines his love for the Romantic landscape. He often opposed natural phenomena: the sunbeam, the storm and bad weather, expressing through them all his concern and pain for what was happening around.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/62/S27.052

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