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PLANNING SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN MUNICIPAL WASTE IN RUSSIA
Abstract
The most common system in Russia is placing unsorted waste at landfills. The existing system poses a significant threat to the environment and does not ensure that waste is included in the turnover as recyclable materials. The present work deals with various options for sustainable waste management in the Russian cities. We calculated the volume of solid municipal waste (SMW) generation from the housing stock on the basis of the approved norms for their accumulation and and studied the real amount of waste in the selected urban areas. The actual amount of waste was higher than the calculated. We studies the morphological composition and quantity of waste. It was shown that the main constituents are food waste, polymeric materials, glass and paper. The accumulation of glass exceeds the reference data by several times. Taking into account the best world experience, we proposed a system for handling municipal waste in an urbanized area. Suggested waste management system include: selective collection SMW; reconstruction of urban wastewater treatment plant; modern local facilities for anaerobic wastewater treatment in areas without sewerage system; waste treatment plant for anaerobic/aerobic processing of sewage sludge and organic fraction of SMW.
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