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HIGHER EDUCATION PERSONALIZATION: CONCEPT, PROBLEMS, EXPECTATIONS
Abstract
The article substantiates the necessity and possibility of implementing the principle of personalization in education, in particular, in higher education. The approaches to the definition of this phenomenon are analyzed from the standpoint of philosophy, sociology, marketing, and pedagogy. One of the current challenges is the gap between educational outcomes and employers' demands. Therefore, it becomes important to build individual educational paths that will maximally prepare graduates for a specific job. It is also important to develop students' independence in choosing such a path and responsibility for their choice. Education personalization means a principle of organizing the educational process, which allows adjusting this process to a particular student, and the student becomes an active subject in structuring this process. The main markers of this concept have been highlighted: freedom of choice, the ability to manage ones own activities, show ones own personality, influence other people, and develop a personal educational track. The educational practices of the USA and Russia, which implement the principle of personalization, are described. The opinions of students studying at a pedagogical university on the importance of personalization components have been presented. It was revealed that such components of personalized learning as the ability to choose a delivery mode for learning, the ability to choose academic disciplines and to shape their content, the free access to educational materials at any given time, the possibility to study disciplines at an individual pace are important for students. Methods. The study is based on the systemic and analytical approaches. The educational process of the university is considered as a system consisting of many interrelated components, including the principles of education. Personalization being one of these principles is extremely important and contributes to a change in the entire modern educational process. The analytical approach is used for a specific description of the personalization phenomenon. It is complemented by methods of concretization, comparison, and generalization. The empirical research was conducted using questionnaire surveys, qualitative and quantitative research, ranking and mathematical statistics.
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