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PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE IN SLOVAK CRIMINAL LAW
Abstract
The contribution of the author deals with the topic of presumption of innocence in the means of Slovak criminal law. The author indicates the sources of law in Slovak legal system which includes the principle of presumption of innocence. The principle of presumption of innocence is one of the most important principles applied in the Slovak criminal proceedings. The first chapter further analyses the principle of presumption of innocence in the Slovak legal system, by analyzing its content and nature, the procedural rules stemming from this principle and also its history. The author supplements the procedural rules stemming from the principle of presumption of innocence with examples from the practice of the Slovak courts. In the second chapter and in the conclusion the author analyses the principle of presumption of innocence from the point of view of its applicability in practice in the means of the Slovak Republic. In the conclusion the author points out that from the individual aspects and nature of the presumption of innocence which are perceived in accordance with the Slovak criminal law it can be concluded that the presumption of innocence is fully respected in the practice of the Slovak courts.
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References10
„Until a final conviction on guilt is issued by the court, a person against whom a criminal proceeding is conducted, cannot be considered guilty.“ Section 2 (2);
ŠIMOVČEK,I. a kol. Trestné právo procesné. Plzeň: Vydavatelství a nakladatelství Aleš Čenek, s.r.o., 2011, ISBN 978-80-7380-324-7, p. 58.
ŠIMOVČEK, I. a kol. Trestné právo procesné. Plzeň: Vydavatelství a nakladatelství Aleš Čenek, s.r.o., 2011, ISBN 978-80-7380-324-7, p. 57.
Finding of the Constitutional Court, file No. II. ÚS 441/99 dated 29 March 2000
ŠIMOVČEK,I. a kol. Trestné právo procesné. Plzeň: Vydavatelství a nakladatelství Aleš Čenek, s.r.o., 2011, ISBN 978-80-7380-324-7, p. 58.
Císařová, D.: Presumpce neviny jako základní zásada trestního řízení v demokratickém státě (úvahy a podněty pro rekodifikaci), Trestní právo č. 4/1998, Praha, 1998. p. 4.
That opinion is also shared by prof. Císařová: „It is obvious that the presumption of innocence is formulated in our legal system as a rebuttable presumption, however it is not this presumption, since it does not meet the basic conditions of a rebuttable presumption, and that drawing of one fact from other facts on the basis of specific, whether causal or logical relationships.“ - Císařová. D.: Princip presumpce neviny, Stát a právo č. 10/1964, Academia, Praha, 1964, pp. 130 - 132.
„Let each plaintiff understand that he shall not proceed with punishment, while those not proven by due evidence or convincing documents or circumstantial evidence, which are equal to the indubitable evidence and are brighter than the day itself.“ - CODE, L. IV, T. XX, 1, 1. 25.
Article 50 (2) of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic
the Act the Constitutional Act No. 23/1991 Coll., which introduces the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms as a constitutional act of the Federal Assembly of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
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