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SELF-EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND THE STYLE OF LEADERSHIP USED BY PRIMARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS
Abstract
Relationships between principal and teachers in the school require communication skills through partnership and collaboration. The quality of this cooperation is very important, which consists in the increasing involvement and creativity of teachers. In order for the potential inherent in the teachers to be fully utilized, a person who will manage them properly is necessary - manager, supervisor, less often referred to as a leader. The role of the leader is to motivate attitudes aimed at achieving goals and to help define the culture of the group or organization and evoke voluntary behavior of people [2][3]. In shaping behaviors and exerting influence in school as an organization an important role is played by a specific style of management, ie the techniques and methods of the director's work as a leader. Therefore, the question that was cognitively important was: Is and what is the relationship between the declared personality traits and the style of leadership used by the director? as well as What factors determine the choice of the style of leadership by the research group of principals? The following research tools were used in the research: Inventory of Styles of People's Management and Self-Design Questionnaire regarding the declared personality traits by the research group. The study group consisted of 128 primary schools principals in Poland, in the Malopolskie Voivodeship, including 68 from public schools and 60 from non-public schools. The selection of groups was intentional. The prerequisite for selecting a person to be tested was for him to carry out managerial duties in a public or non-public school. Participation in the research was voluntary and anonymous. The research was carried out from September to December 2018. The age of the respondents ranged from 45 to 58 years. 76 women and 52 men participated in the study. The general results of the study confirmed that sociability, cordiality, activity, assertiveness, seeking feelings, emotionality in the field of positive emotions do not determine the application of the specific dominant style of targeting of the surveyed directors. However, openness to experience affects the choice of the style of directing among research group. Similarly, the dominant style of targeting is characteristic of people with competence to be leaders. On the other hand, agreeableness is connected with the competence to cooperate with others, taking steps that are essential to achieving the group's goals by making motivational actions and giving employees latitude.
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