Scholarly record

EDUCATIONAL ROLE OF GENERAL NURSES IN PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

H. Michalkova, K. Toumova, M. Treslova, S. Bartlova

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The support of cardiovascular health constitutes an important part of the strategy of national and multinational health projects. Nurses-educators can play an important role in primary prevention of cardiovascular health. GOAL: The extensive research project is focused on the educational activities of the nurse in cardiology, on preventive interventions, on the modification of influenceable risk factors in persons with high risk of origination of cardiovascular diseases and in cardiovascular patients. The goal of this article consists in presentation of partial data from an extensive research, which are focused on the activities of general nurses in primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases from the nurses' perspective. METHODS: The investigation was implemented under use of quantitative research; non-standardized questionnaires were used for the physicians and the nurses; a combination of non-standard questionnaire and standardized SF-36 questionnaire was used for the patients. The questionnaires were focused on the education from the perspective of the educated and of the educators. The data collection took place in April 2016. The data were processed in the SARD 1.4.12 (Statistical Analysis of Social Data) program. The degree of dependence of selected characteristics was determined based on chi 2, t – test and independence test. The research set consisted of 1000 physicians, 1000 general nurses and 1000 patients. This article deals with the questionnaire research of the nurses. The nurse set included nurses working in outpatient departments of internists, cardiologists and general practitioners for adults. RESULTS: The research set is representative for general nurses of the Czech Republic. 12.4 % aged under 29 years, 29.9 % 30-39 year, 27 % 40-49 years, 23.1 % 50-59 years, 60 and more years 7.6 % nurses. 54.7 % respondents work in consulting rooms of general practitioners; 36.3 % respondents work in internal outpatient departments and 9 % nurses come from cardiological outpatient departments. The set consisted of 97.8 % females and 2.2 % males. The duration of the respondents' experience was under two years in 3.2 %, 2-5 years in 12.1 %, 6-10 years in 20 % and 11 and more years in 64.7 % respondents. The questionnaire was focused on the education of patients in the area of influenceable risk factors. The educational activities are implemented by 71.6 % respondents. The nurses see the main obstacles hindering the education in the patients' motivation (71.3 %) and in economic reasons (59.1 %). Education is implemented always by 17.1 % and often by 43.7 % nurses. 41.5 % nurses stated that the education of one patient took 10 to 15 minutes; under 10 minutes were reported by 39.5 % nurses. The most nurses (59.9 %) state that the time devoted to education is always or often sufficient. CONCLUSION: The study in preventive cardiology was focused on the evaluation of the educational activities of nurses. We ascertained how the nurses implemented education in the area of risk factors, how much time they had for the clients, what methods they used and what barriers to education they perceived. Most of the interviewed nurses pursue educational activities. They often implement the education and have 10-15 minutes for one client; the respondents consider that time sufficient. The nurses perceive insufficient motivation of the clients as barriers at the patient's side.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/SGEMSOCIAL2017/HB31/S13.057

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