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DIAGNOSTICS OF THE RISK OF OVERTOURISM AT SOCHI TOURIST DESTINATION. INDICATORS AND APPROACHES
Abstract
The article highlights the fact that for responsible tourism as the first and foremost benchmark for the tourism industry the obstacle is the challenges caused by the excessive growth of global tourism, also called "overtourism". It is emphasized that in order to mitigate the adverse consequences of this phenomenon, the authorities and the business community of the tourist destinations shall make active focused efforts to assess this phenomenon, the state of the tourism industry and its development prospects. The purpose of the article was to establish and study the main distinctive features of the phenomenon of overtourism, to assess the risk of arising of respective problems at the Sochi tourist destination, as well as to improve the existing methodology for determining the threat of overtourism for the host areas, in particular, for the resort city of Sochi. The relevance of this study is driven by the growth of domestic tourism in Russia, as well as by the need for evidence-based forecast of the consequences of an increase in the number of the tourists arrivals in Sochi after the end of the pandemic. The main method used to achieve this purpose was an analysis of studies of the characteristics of overtourism, provided in various publications of experts, their approaches to the assessment of this phenomenon, as well as recommendations on diagnostics of the risk of overtourism, proposed by Peeters et. al. and WTTC & McKinsey [7], [12]. Based on the characteristics of a number of researchers, a tentative original classification of approaches to the assessment of overtourism had been proposed, which afterwards was used to diagnose the risk of overtourism at the Sochi tourist destination. The necessity of their integrated application is emphasized. The main emphasis is placed on the indicators of a quantitative approach, which allows to more comprehensively assess the threat of overtourism for the resort city. The conclusion was made that there are sufficient conditions for the risk of overtourism at the Sochi tourist destination. The customized recommendations were proposed for improving the diagnostics of the overtourism risk in tourist destinations, in particular, in Sochi. These recommendations may be useful for the managers of congested tourist destinations.
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