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DESIGN CULTURE: FROM MODERNISM TO POSTINDUSTRIAL DESIGN

Koveshnikova, N.

Abstract

In recent years, the concept of "design culture" is often used in the analysis of various aspects of the theory and practice of design. The researchers from other areas of the humanities knowledge (cultural studies, pedagogy, sociology) operate these aspects. In the present article, the attempts of theoretical understanding of the concept of "design culture" in art are made. The author's definition of the term is given and developed taking into account the experience of its usage in related humanitarian sciences, as well as practical application designers and art critics. Analysis of the current scientific literature on the design problems, reveals a different semantic content of the concept of "design culture". Most authors propose their own definition, tend to be philosophical and socio-cultural discoursed. In this very design, as an important component of the design culture, is included a fairly wide range of social, cultural and humanitarian problems of modern society. Artistic and aesthetic aspects of the project activity as it falls out of the field of view of researchers, which significantly hinders the ability to directly connect them with the theory and practice of design engineering. All knowledge about the design, makes a wide range of Arts and Sciences (which is quite natural, given the nature of design activity), no matter how they are important and useful , do not allow yet to pass a specific professional experience in the design. To resolve this contradiction in this article is an attempt to examine the phenomenon of design culture through the prism of the organizational, methodological, social, cultural, aesthetic, and ethical aspects of professional design. In this paper, design culture is presented as an integral structure, each component of which can be considered as a separate element of a wider system – design activity in general. Design culture – is the aesthetic and artistic category, characterized by a combination of various aspects of design activity in the diversity of their relationship. It reflects both the value-semantic setting, and the specific ways and means to achieve practical results. Project design culture, in the form of value orientations, aesthetic ideals, cultural patterns and professional standards, is the paradigm of art-project activities at different stages of evolution. It is the key component, and at the same time, the basic determinant of design ideology, design methodology and professional art practice, dominant in a particular stage of development of design. In the evolution of design culture in the twentieth century - beginning of the XXI century. We have allocated four stages: 1) design culture of modernism (1910 – 1930); 2) design culture of classical functionalism (1950 – 1960); 3) design culture of postmodernism (1970 – 1980); 4) design culture "post-industrial" design (line XX – XXI centuries).

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/B41/S15.073

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