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EDUCATIONAL ONLINE TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to try to analyze the main online education technologies which are used today by the universities to identify their advantages and disadvantages in the educational system. The methodological approaches used by the author include the theory of synergetics and chaos, the theory of academic revolution, the concept of smart education, e-learning and open education. To achieve this goal, the methods of document analysis, statistical analysis, comparative analysis and content analysis have been used. Based on the analysis of the implementation of online technologies in education management systems, in the educational process itself, conclusions are drawn about the contradictions and perspectives of the development of education, the main ones of which find factual confirmation in empirical reality. So, MOOCs have great advantages, allowing to realize educational opportunities for everyone, but they also have shortcomings - short-term effect, non-inclusion in the higher education system, depersonalization and passivity. Smart technologies are used by less than 20% of Russian universities; the main reasons for the slowdown in the development of smart education in Russia are state educational policy and resistance to changes on the part of the universities themselves (both administration and staff). Gamification also has not yet received widespread adoption. The main reasons for that are the weak technological environment of universities, incompetence of the teaching staff in the information and communication field, the "English language" of the vast majority of Internet platforms, methodological lags in using the principles of gaming. In part, these problems can be solved by sharing experiences and applying a standardized set of "allowed" games in different disciplines.
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