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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RUSSIAN PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
Abstract
In modern conditions of economic globalization and technological intensification, the international interaction reaches beyond the trade cooperation. Nowadays the competitiveness of countries is determined by their place in the international division of labor and the involvement into global value chains. Value chains could be defined as steady groups of companies formed by combining complementary and cooperative activities to create a product and bring it to consumers. Different types of networks have different structures, different patterns of roles distribution among actors and different systems of cooperation rules. The system of domination in a particular network relies both on the bargaining power of participants, and on the local culture of network determining the specific social relations between its participants. Numerous researches demonstrate that the leading countries create global networks in which production stages with a high share of added value and use of intellectual activities (research and development, design, marketing, after-sales service) are located inside their economies, whereas the production stages with a low share of added value (assembly production) are delivered to developing countries. Priority issue of the Russian economic development is the expansion of participation of Russian business structures in global value chains. The Russian business is already involved in such chains, but mainly either as a supplier of natural resources or as a consumer of foreign goods with a high share of added value, whereas the leading positions belong to companies of other countries that obtain the technological rent. Even in those industries, where Russian companies could obtain the technological rent (such as aircraft engineering, engine building, car manufacturing and cattle breeding) it is redistributed in favor of other participants. The aim of this research is to study possible ways to change the existing situation as well as to identify the opportunities for promotion of Russian business structures to the leading positions inside global value chains.
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