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PUPILS' COMPETENCES IN TECHNICAL EDUCATION AT PRIMARY SCHOOL
Abstract
Background: The main aim of the research study presented in paper was finding out the level, relationships and differences in acquiring of technical competences by pupils in 4th grade at primary schools in Slovakia. Research sample consisted of 82 pupils from four 4th grade classes at elementary schools in Central Slovakia. Investigation was carried out during pedagogical practice at lessons of technical education (working lessons) in October – December in 2014 - 2016. Methods: A set of research methods was used, mainly content analysis of curriculum documents, observation, structured interview, original recording sheet. Research data were processed by statistical description and reasoning. Mann-Whitney U-test, Spearman correlation coefficient, Wilcoxon test and parametric pair T-test were used, too. Results: The highest values (MDN = 10) were registered in affective component during monitoring the components of pupils’ technical competences in selected topics and skills in thematic areas of Man and the world of work. The lowest measured values (MDN = .00/ 9/7) were registered in skill component and in cognitive component there were MDN = 6/7/7. Findings showed that the majority of pupils reached average values, a part of them below average values, but in the affective component above average values were reached. Conclusion: Research results copied normal layout of the real phenomenon occurring in standard classrooms in Slovakia. At the same time, however, they pointed out the need of a prolonged research investigation, critical evaluation of the acquisition of technical competences, is ensuring optimal environment with enough material, tools, machines, apparatuses, ensuring an appropriate atmosphere, motivation, and appropriate interaction between teacher and pupils.
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