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DEVELOPMENT MODELS OF SKI RESORTS SELECTED EXAMPLES FROM POLAND
Abstract
Background: Ski resort is a kind of tourism destination and can be defined and understood in many different ways. The common feature of all ski resorts is dominant role of the offer for winter sports (alpine and cross-country skiing, snowboarding) participants in the destination product. However ski resorts are diverse due to different natural and legal conditions, their size, technical equipment, age and other factors. The concept of community and corporate models of ski resorts is an attempt to explain that differences (or at least of them) and their consequences. Originally it was stated that many of European ski resorts are community ones while American resorts are typical examples of corporate resorts. However contemporarily there are plenty of resorts showing many features of both models which might be found all around the world. Very different development path was connected with ski resorts developed in communist countries. That is why more typical community or corporate resorts in Poland are contemporarily mainly new resorts established after communism felled. Purpose: The aim of the paper is to analyze the theory of corporate and community resorts in the context of two selected examples of ski resorts in Poland which are perceived as business or competition units on the tourism market. Method: To present how community and corporate models were implemented in Poland two case studies are presented. Bia?ka Tatrza?ska is an example of community resort, while Wierchomla-Dwie Doliny can be labeled as a corporate resort. Both resorts are successful, but establishing them was connected with different difficulties and challenges. Results: Among the most important difference between those two cases, and between those two models of ski resorts development generally, is the way that tourism companies function in the resort. Conclusion: Neither community nor corporate model of ski resorts development doesnt determine success of a ski resort. Examples of successful resorts from Poland established with use of different models prove that the key factor is quality of management governance and coordination processes which should properly adjust the development plan to local conditions.
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