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INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURE INTO NATURE: PRINCIPLES AND METHODS
Abstract
In protecting nature successfully from man the Green Buildings movement reveals its own program narrowness and a tendency to make a fetish of technologys role which results in posing persistently a question concerning a return to the ideals of architecture with its mission to protect man from nature. This objective controversy is being solved by the way of architecture and natures integration, the methods of which have been used intuitively during the whole mankinds history of creating an artificial environment. In order to carry out a successful integration of an artificial environment into a natural one it is necessary to analyze historical methods and to formulate new principles of architecture entering natural surroundings tactfully. Basing on an extensive historical review and on the analysis of the latest development tendencies, the article introduces the formulations of eight integration principles, all of which are realized in practice by a whole number of architectural-artistic, volumetric-planned and technical methods and means. The following principles can be added to the ones mentioned above: - Preservation of the place; - Regeneration of biocenose; - Interaction of environments; - Harmonization; - Using of natural-born forms; - Integrity; - Rational consumption; - Consolidation of forces. Each principle is illustrated by numerous examples presented in history and in current creative practice from the moment of the methods origin up to the prospects of its development. The suggested principles also assume a higher generalizing level of covering basically all the methods being used nowadays in Green Buildings, while enabling the art of architecture to regain its social-historical significance and its humanistic direction to a non-conflicting and harmonious coexistence of man and true nature.
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References11
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