Scholarly record
GROTTO IN HISTORIC GARDENS IN SLOVAKIA
Abstract
The phenomenon of cave inspires to various interpretations in art and architecture. Grotto, this "curious architectural object", is characteristic for garden art of different historical periods and styles, creates a typical feature of historic gardens and parks. The paper presents the evolution of the use of grotto as an architectural garden element in the context of development of garden art in the territory of today's Slovakia. The examples of artificial caves in the setting of historic parks and gardens in the territory of Slovakia are examined in their many various forms and utility meanings. Along with the demise or rebuilding of the gardens some of the grottoes have disappeared and we know them only from literary or visual art sources, such as those in gardens of Lippay or ErdЕ‘dy in Bratislava. The remains of the other have been preserved in a state on the verge of extinction, such as those, designed by famous architects of their time, for example the grotto made by Bernhard Petri in Voderady, or the grotto designed by Christian Heinrich Nebbien in Dolna Krupa. Only some of them we have the opportunity to admire in their full glory. They have been successfully renovated, such as the grotto decoration of the sala terrena of the castle Cerveny kamen, or the grotto in Dubnica nad Vahom. The ones that have survived to the present days represent an exceptional garden architecture artifacts, an integral part of historic gardens and parks, mediating spiritual and symbolic links to prior generations. Knowledge of the cultural and historical context of the "grotto art", as well as examples of successful reconstruction of these "grotesque" objects became an inspiration for the rediscovery of their values and could help to prevent their further degradation and disappearance from historic gardens and parks in Slovakia.
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