Scholarly record
RISK FACTORS FOR PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN AN ADULT ROMANIAN POPULATION
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the potential systemic risk factors for periodontal disease in a population from Constanta, Romania. Method: A cross-sectional sample consisting of 740 dentate adults 18-85 years of age (mean 39,9±17,89) were selected from patients attending dental clinics of Constanta Faculty between 2012-2013. The charts of patients were examined to determine patient's self-reported systemic condition: diabetes, cardiovascular pathology. In addition, periodontal probing depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) was used to assess the periodontal status. Ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee and each patient signed an informed consent. For the purpose of this study and in order to relate systemic status among severity of periodontal disease, all patients were categorized according to their maximum PPD: with PPD of \textless3.5 mm (no periodontitis), with PPD of ≥3.5 but not exceeding 6 mm (periodontitis with moderate pockets), or ≥6 mm (periodontitis with deep pockets). Results: It was found dependent relation between BOP and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (p=0.001), odds ratio (OR)=2.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) for OR: 1.43-4.91. CVD was also associated with the presence of periodontitis (p\textless0.001), OR=6.82, 95% CI for OR: 3.91-11.91. Self-reported diabetes was associated with the risk for periodontal disease (p \textless0.001), relative risk RR=2.31, 95% CI for RR: 1.94-2.76. The relative risk for deep pockets formation in diabetic patients is 1.43, 95% CI for RR: 1.10-1.87. BOP was also associated with diabetes (p=0.008). No significant relation of dependence was found between CVD and deep pocket formation (p=0.437). Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease and diabetes are both risk factors for periodontal disease in terms of bleeding on probing in this adult population. Diabetes increases also the risk for deep pocket formation, which can aggravate the evolution of periodontal disease.
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