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ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS AND THEIR EVALUATION
Abstract
The transport infrastructure, mainly then its range and quality, is very important pro the economic development of the national economy. However its extension, operation and maintenance are connected with the important need of financial resources, which are in all cases limited. From this reason it is very important to respect not only national priorities in the area of the development of the transport infrastructure, but also expected net benefit of particular projects for the whole society. The main purpose of the paper is to determine the issue of the economic evaluation of projects in the area of the transport, mainly the railway, infrastructure and to evaluate the structure and the size of these impacts on the society. Impacts in areas of investment costs, operation costs connected with the railway infrastructure and trains, time savings, changes in operation costs in road and highway (alternative) transport, external impacts and other benefits are taken into account. The methodology used in the paper is based mainly on the analysis of the present state of art in the area of the economic evaluation of the projects in the transport infrastructure. The key methodology for the synthesis of received information is the Costs-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The present state of knowledge is characterized mainly with the methodological groundwork for the elaboration of the technical-economic studies in the area of the evaluation of the transport infrastructure on the national (Czech) and international (European Commission) levels. The main objective of the paper is to identify the problematic of the economic evaluation of projects in the area of transport, mainly railway, infrastructure and using the case study to evaluate the structure and the size of impacts of relevant types of projects on the society. Outputs are also in the form of recommendations following the analysis and next synthesis of achieved knowledge focused on the identification of possible next impacts, which should be also included into the economic analysis.
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