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POSSIBILITY OF ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL POLICY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN RUSSIA
Abstract
Ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2012 in Russia and formation of a national strategy for social policy for persons with disabilities demanded the creation of a system for monitoring the implementation of its provisions and performance evaluation. The article discusses the formation of a system for monitoring the status of persons with disabilities in Russia and the issues related to observance of their rights, taking into account the international experience of conducting surveys on the situation of persons with disabilities. In Russia, there is a large-scale system for collecting statistics on the status of persons with disabilities, covering 10 agencies. However, it is important for objective monitoring to use the capabilities of population censuses and special sample surveys of persons with disabilities, including those living in institutional settings. This will reveal the peculiarities of the status of persons with disabilities and the attitude of society towards them. In 2015, during the micro census, an analysis was made for the first time related to the extent of the incidence of disability in Russia. Federal State Statistics Service conducts a number of selective surveys affecting health problems and the peculiarities of vital activities of persons with disabilities. Survey data provide an overview of the incomes of persons with disabilities, the factors that affect their health status, the accessibility of social services, nutrition, the structure of free time, and social inclusion. It is necessary to form sampling frames for conducting a special sample survey of persons with disabilities, taking into account the Federal Register of Persons with Disabilities, which will allow obtaining representative data in the context of various social and demographic groups of persons with disabilities. The article describes the status of persons with disabilities, based on the existing model of statistical observation. The statistics show a decrease in the number of persons with disabilities, which is largely due to changes in the criteria for determining disability. First of all, the decrease occurs due to the decrease in the number of people recognized as persons with disabilities. The share of disabled workers is growing. Among young persons with disabilities, men prevail, and there is a superiority of women in more mature age. The share of oncological diseases increases in the structure of disability. It is necessary to make wider use of sample surveys of persons with disabilities in the course of revealing the situation with observance of their rights, satisfaction with the quality of life, assessing the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Russia. The introduction of changes in the program of sample surveys conducted by state statistics bodies will provide more complete and objective information on the implementation of the state strategy for the persons with disabilities and the observance of their rights.
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