Scholarly record

IMPACT OF INDUSTRY ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE MACROREGION

Evgeny S. Ogurtsov, L. V. Sharonina, E. N. Bogdanova, L. K. Satushieva, I. R. Nakhusheva

Abstract

Objectives: In modern conditions, almost all countries of the world and Russia are characterized by ecological problems related to environmental pollution by the industrial sector. Industry is the main pollutant of atmospheric air. People living in large industrial cities have to breathe the air oversaturated with harmful and toxic substances which are released into the atmosphere by industrial enterprises. At that, the scale of pollution depends on the size of the enterprise and the consumed raw materials. Thus, enterprises of black and nonferrous metallurgy, chemistry and petrochemistry, construction industry, power generating sector, and fuel industry have a particularly strong impact on air pollution. In this regard, it is necessary to create an effective management system with regard to environmental protection, implement the measures of economic encouragement of commercial entities in the industrial sector to implement environmentally efficient technologies reducing air pollution. Methods: The authors consider main indicators of socio-economic development of the macroregion, namely Ural Federal District, highlighting problems affecting the loss of competitiveness of the concerned macroregion. The major specialization areas of the macroregion are defined in the course of analysis of the sectoral structure of the gross regional product of the macroregion by types of economic activities. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the effect of industry sectors on the ecological situation in the district, especially on air pollution. Results: The authors proved the adverse effects of industrial production on the ecological situation in the Ural Federal District and defined the main sources of environmental pollution based on the results of the economic analysis of the industrial sector of the macroregion. At that, the main attention is focused on air pollution sources. Taking into account the identified environmental problems of the macroregion, the main directions of state policy have been identified in order to stabilize the current unfavorable ecological situation in the macroregion.

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