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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN NEW MEMBER STATES AFTER JOINING THE EU
Abstract
This study aims to explore the main economic trends in the performance of the agricultural sector of ten new Member States in Central and Eastern Europe (CEEC) after joining the EU in 2004 – 2007. The study is carried out applying the methods of economic analysis including trend test methods and a comparative analysis. The authors have used data that are comparable across the EU countries and have been processed according to the unified methodology of the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA). Specifically, the EUROSTAT provides the main source of statistical information for the time period 2003 to 2018. The following indicators have described the development of the agricultural sector: agricultural output, total subsidies, factor income and labour use. To provide further clarification of quantitative empirical findings, the review of literature gives an insight into theoretical aspects of the implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the CEEC, outlines its similarities and detects the major differences. Empirical findings show how the implementation of the CAP has differently influenced the CEEC whose level of agricultural development was disparate prior joining the EU and still remains different afterwards. The study concludes that the membership of the EU gave powerful stimulus to agricultural production in almost each new Member State. Over the last 15 years, both the main indicators of agricultural development and the growth rate in the CEEC have exceeded ratios in the EU-15. On the other side, employment in agriculture in the new Member States has reduced more rapidly than in the old ones, and the speed of reduction differs to a great extent. This study contributes and facilitates the analysis and formulation of agricultural policy both at national level and in the EU.
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