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NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIP IN HIV PREVENTION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY PRESENTING VIEWPOINTS OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND GOVERNMENT IN LATVIA
Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO) data since the start of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic approximately 75 million have become infected with HIV and around 32 million people have died of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. Thus, HIV problem became as one the most important issue worldwide. Countries and organizations are uniting in their fight against the virus. Therefore, the strong partnership between non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and government, as well as close cooperation at all levels of society is essential for success in HIV prevention. As one of the most important components in HIV prevention nowadays is recognized social marketing, which the main goal is to influence changes in health behavior of the target audience by "selling" particular pattern of behavior. Moreover, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has also identified it as one of the primary tools in the fight against HIV/AIDS and public education. This qualitative study containing semi structured interviews was conducted capturing the perceptions of the government functionaries and NGOs representatives about the role of government and NGOs social marketing in HIV prevention in the context of Latvia. In recent years, cooperation between governmental and non-governmental organizations has filled gaps in HIV prevention. Given that NGOs are more flexible and able to adapt more quickly to changes in the various factors, their performance resulted in a relatively better results that the performance of governmental organizations. Involving NGOs in HIV prevention strengthens the existing health system, as well as help to get at hard-to-reach target segments of public organizations, for instance prostitutes or injecting drug users. Furthermore, NGOs are more flexible in choosing the strategy of a social marketing campaign, which in turn brings them closer to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Thus, this study suggests that in the future the existing partnership model should be revised and NGOs need to be more involved in HIV prevention policy-making and implementation.
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