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QUESTIONS OF USE OF ECONOMIC INDEXES IN AN ASSESSMENT OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES
Abstract
This article is devoted to a critical analysis of modern theory and practice of building economic indices in the national system of strategic planning. It is generally accepted that economic indices serve to characterize the most important dynamic processes in the national economy, and the dynamics of changes in economic indices makes it possible to determine the rate of change of the most important macroeconomic indicators and proportions. Since strategic planning is aimed at obtaining internally consistent descriptions of the various states in which the economy may find itself after applying alternative combinations of different economic policy measures, the choice and justification of economic indices that most accurately characterize certain aspects of economic activity is an important practical task. In this study, the calculation and justification of such an indicator as "technical means of production" in the sectors of the extracting and processing sectors of the Russian economy are made. A comparative analysis of the types of economic activity "Mining Production" and "Processing Industries" is carried out in the context of such economic indices as capital-intensive, capital-intensive and labor-consuming, and also technical production for the period from 2005 to 2015. As a characteristic of the resource "labor" in the indexes to be calculated, it is proposed to use its value measurement, which allows to take into account the factor of technological progress associated with the increase in the proportion of the skilled labor used and, accordingly, its payment. The introduction of the industrial production index into scientific turnover allows us to analyze the qualitative properties of the economic system, namely, to identify the dynamics of the use of the active part of capital. The study concludes that the proposed methodology of theoretical analysis, including the most important economic indices, characterizing the state and dynamics of changes in fixed capital, serves to resolve issues not only the numerical solution of certain economic problems, but also serves as a means of analyzing the qualitative properties of the economic system. The proposed system of indices can be used in the system of estimating and modeling the proportions of the national economy in the conditions of industrialization
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