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TOURISM AS A NEW FORM OF DEVELOPMENT OF ARCTIC REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) OF RUSSIA
Abstract
The historically formed heterogeneity of the socio-economic space has a significant impact on the structure and efficiency of the development of the northern territories economy. Economic development of the North becomes stable if the territory settlement, the preservation of the traditional economy of indigenous peoples, as well as rational land use take place simultaneously. One of the focus areas for northern economy diversification is tourism, which is now one of the fastest growing sectors of the world economy. With the development of the global tourism market, the development of tourism shifts to the North, promoting the development of regional and local tourist markets. The tourist market of the northern territories is oriented to the formation of a new model for the functioning of this sector, combining effective market mechanisms with the preservation of traditional nature management as a component of specific entrepreneurial resources of the North (cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, tribal communities, etc.). In the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the development of tourism is mainly "informal", associated with undeveloped infrastructure, a shortage of qualified personnel, "inaction" of local governments. To efficiently develop tourism it's necessary to provide a scientific approach to assessing the resources and development potential of the territory on the basis of fieldwork research along with a coordinated policy of conducting northern scientific research. Coordination of research organizations, institutions of academic science, higher education institutions by federal organizations, which will reduce duplication of research, unify educational programs, improve the quality of education, improve the information support system and scientific research. The creation of local government institutions reduces the economic and social risks of the development of the North, since it is the local population that has accumulated knowledge for centuries about the possibilities of using the resources of its territories. Tourism in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) can become a process of new development of these territories with the concomitant development of new technologies, communications, infrastructure, with increased training of the local population, development of entrepreneurship and sustainable development. The work was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 15-18-20047 "Ontology of the landscape: semantics, semiotics and geographic modeling".
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References8
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