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THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL TENSION AND CONFLICT STUDIES
Abstract
This study deals with the concept of social tension and it potential in conflict diagnosis. There are two parts in the study. The first one describes the concept of social tension. The second one presents methodology of applied study of this phenomenon and results of representative survey which was conducted in 2015 in Saint-Petersburg. The notion of the social tension is quite often seen in connection with conflicts. Different elements of the concept of social tension are considered in the works of T. Parsons, M. Orru, N. Smelser, J. Galtung, E. Stepanov, P. Kukonkov, R. Merton, V. Nagaytsev. Our analysis of modern scientific literature has shown that social tension is addressed in different areas of scientific knowledge and at different levels of society. Social tension is accompanied by the spread of negative sentiments among the population and manifests itself in mass actions. It is recognized as a phenomenon that in one form or another is always present in society. However, to address social tension as purely negative phenomenon is incorrect, because it has positive characteristics as well. The mentioned survey was conducted with the purpose of testing the tools designed for measurement of social tensions in the urban community. For the measurement of social tension were used different indicators: attitude to life in general; attitude to political institutions; attitude to participation in mass protests. Data obtained by the group of authors, help to characterize the current state of the Russian society as a crisis. Indicators of social tension used in our study provide important information about the main types of negative social attitudes and the degree of their spread in different population groups.
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References7
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