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RESEARCH INTO STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN NATIONAL LANGUAGES DURING GLOBALIZATION
Abstract
The research into structural changes in national languages has been conducted on the basis of three languages (German, French and Russian). The results demonstrate that the expansion of anglicisms in the system of each language under consideration has been proved in all spheres of speech activity of national communities: from elementary verbal means to complex speech structures. While the English language penetrates the German and French languages more or less smoothly due to their common origin, the process of incorporation of anglicisms into the Russian language, that does not have “blood kinship” with English has a negative effect on the language structure integrity of the Russian language and contributes to the loss of its expressiveness. Thus, the process of penetration of anglicisms into national languages leads to obvious structural changes in the national languages, which has a negative effect on the whole system of the national language and undermines the national traditions of verbal communication approved and used by a national community. Substituting foreign verbal means, including word and word combinations, grammar rules, word order, for the native ones leads to weakening the immunity of the national language consciousness in general. Under the unreasonable expansion of anglicisms national cultural traditions are likely to sink into oblivion, as the language spoken by an ethnic community is the basis of its culture. It would be fair to say that the English language suffers the negative effect of this process as well. Its system is deteriorating because the meanings of English borrowings have to undergo changes too while adapting to the process of semantic assimilation of English lexis and constructions by other languages in accordance with the rules of word formation and grammar constructions of those languages. Thus, it is time to study and analyze the effects of globalization on national languages and cultures and to start elaborating legal acts in order to protect national languages at the governmental level.
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