Scholarly record

SYMBOLIC FORMS OF COMMUNICATION TUNGUS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF COGNITIVE ANTHROPOLOGY: ANALISE OF BASIC BEHAVIOURAL PATTERRNS

S. A. Alexeeva

Abstract

It is known that cognitive anthropology tries to look at the picture of the world from the inside, through the eyes of the carrier of culture, to understand and describe the world of people of other cultures in their own terms. Most ethnologists-cognitivists are guided by the definition of culture as a system of values, scenarios of behavior, ideal models. It is assumed that each ethnic group has its own system of perception, thinking, behavior, emotions. Currently, the basic concepts of cognitive anthropology can be considered schemes (data structure, representing stored in the "memory of culture" General concepts), framework and event scenarios. The study of the concept involves the definition of its structure, which is a complex and ambiguous phenomenon. It should be noted that we adhere to the syncretic theory of the concept, which combines different points of view and allows us to consider it as a certain concept, a unit of the mental level, which reflects the object of the material or ideal world, is stored in the national memory of native speakers, as a rule, in verbally designated form and may have national-cultural content. There is a certain difficulty in distinguishing the main Tunguska behavioral concepts in the form of a visual image in comparison with a specific "subject" concept. However, we have tried to distinguish the most significant patterns of behavior as "hospitality" and the tradition of "mutual aid" - "nimat" - a fundamental custom, which is a bright identification feature of the Tungus from the variety of existing verbal and non-verbal concepts in the culture of the evens and Evenks. Indeed, speaking about the cultural code of the Tungus, it should be noted that there is a special attitude to hospitality, traditions of mutual assistance, that is, their acceptance as a natural and necessary factor in the extreme conditions of the North. In order to determine the types of concepts of communicative behavior, it is important to emphasize that mental concepts of action are not limited to event concepts, but also include ideas about the nature of the action, that is, characteristic concepts that reflect the features of the traditional national character of the Tungus as "honesty", "generosity", "nobility", "courage". Ethical dominant in the concept of communicative behavior implies its awareness, commitment to all members of the ethno-cultural community, stereotyping. Thus, the traditional behavioral strategies of the Tungus, as a means of updating the norms of etiquette, were stereotyped and mandatory for members of society. These concepts are considered as categories of ethnographic analysis and paradigm of ethnic thinking, which is appropriate to study through a system of images, moral preferences, value constructs of thinking, moral motivations, which accumulate a variety of conceptual, figurative-associative and value features. There is no doubt that the scope of one article allows only a reasonable formulation of the question, using historical and retrospective method, which allows us to consider these concepts as a very specific factor of ethnic culture of the Tungus, the hierarchy of values and a kind of mental structure of Even and Evenk peoples.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/SWS.ISCSS.2019.3/S06.006

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