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ETHNIC IDENTITY INTENSITY AMONG THE CHULYMS, SELKUPS, KETS, AND EVENKS: THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF EASTERN SIBERIA
Abstract
Based on field research over 2010-2016 with the use of J. Phinney's ethnic identity measurement methods, we have analyzed the modern ethnic identification and self-identification processes among the Evenks, Selkups, Kets, and Chulyms –indigenous peoples living on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Krai (Eastern Siberia) with a population of less than 50,000 persons. The conducted research allows us to identify the following processes: total loss of the knowledge of the native languages among the Chulyms, Selkups, and Kets of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The extent of the knowledge of the native language among the Evenks of the Krasnoyarsk Krai is 50%. The ethnographic research reveals active language assimilation and metisization processes as well as many mixed marriages among the indigenous peoples of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. At the same time, these indigenous peoples' ethnic self-identification remains high and is increasing every year. The research, according to J. Phinney's methods, shows that the degree of ethnic identity intensity among the Evenks, Chulyms, Kets, and Selkups is very high. The research reveals that the general ethnocultural identity intensity figure among the small-numbered indigenous peoples of the Krasnoyarsk Krai is equal to 3.5 out of 4 points. The cognitive component of ethnocultural identity is 3.4 out of 4 points. The affective component of ethnocultural identity is 3.5 points out of 4. The ethnic identity processes are actively affected by the various economic preferences that are carried out by the federal and regional government bodies that can be obtained due to the fact that they belong to certain small-numbered indigenous peoples.
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