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Style is a fundamental category of aesthetics and the study of art: it is easily defined but hardly lends itself to theoretical research. Alexey Losev (1893–1988), a Russian philologist, philosopher and musicologist, presented some examples of the most comprehensive consideration of style as an aesthetic category within the broadest notional context in his main work on this topic “The Theory of Art Style.” However, Losev's idea about an aspect of style that is not divided by any components requires some spec...

Composers who have not only created some new operatic forms but have also verbally expressed their respective ideas are understood as the opera reformers. Among them may be named Gluck, Wagner, and Debussy: the latter managed to show another possible path which, as a matter of actual practice, turned out to be different from that of Wagner. The great opera reform is also worth mention: that entails the grounding of the notions of prima pratica and seconda pratica by Vincenzo Galilei and Claudio Monteverdi. Bernd Z...